Materials Literature
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Ion-beam-induced microstructures in magnesium aluminate (MgAl 2 O 4 ) spinel have been examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Irradiations were performed at cryogenic temperature (~120 K) on MgAl 2 O 4 spinel single-crystal surfaces with (111) orientation, using 180 keV neon (Ne + ) ions to ion fluence…
The intercalation process of hexadecylamine into bentonite and the fine structure of hexadecylamine in nanoscale confined space are studied by differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. Intercalated amine exhibits multiple melting temperatures that are approximately 30 °C higher than the bulk amine, prov…
An efficient computational scheme based on the first-principles pseudopotential method is proposed for the electron emission from nanostructures under an applied electric field. The emission rate of the electron through the potential barrier is calculated by integrating the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation for th…
Abstract A series of uniform, macroporous particles with different surface chemistries were prepared with different acrylic comonomers [methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl methacrylate (BMA), epoxypropyl methacrylate (EPMA), 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA)] with styrene–divinylbenzene (S–DV…
Abstract Model bioactive compounds with different molecular and functional characteristics were entrapped in gel beads prepared by polyelectrolyte complexation of chitosan and pentasodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). Three compounds of interest to the food and biomedical industries were tested: (1) lysine, (2) bovine serum…
Abstract A series of hyperbranched polyurethane acrylates containing phosphorus were prepared by reaction of a phosphorus‐containing triol with toluene‐2,4‐diisocyanate and hydroxylethyl acrylate at given ratios. The resins obtained were found to polymerize rapidly in the presence of a photofragmenting initiator under…
The reaction of pyridyl functionalized porphyrins with Re(CO)(5)Cl in THF results in the formation of porphyrin dimers which, despite incorporation of rhenium into the assemblies, remain fluorescent. The rigid compounds provide an efficient geometry and/or orbital pathway for singlet energy transfer, rendering these c…
Abstract Ground rubber tire (GRT) powder was maleated in an internal mixer using maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide at 160°C. Maleated GRT was characterized by using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wettability, and differential scanning calorimetry. The physical properties…
Using first-principles band structure methods we have systematically studied the electronic and optical properties of p-type transparent conductive oxides ${\mathrm{SrCu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ and related compounds ${A}^{\mathrm{II}}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2},$ where $A=\mathrm{Mg},$ Ca, and Ba, as well as thei…
The characterization of carbon nitride films with stoichiometry ${\mathrm{C}}_{3}{\mathrm{N}}_{4}$ is heavily restricted by the problem of getting pure crystalline samples with the right C/N ratio. However, thin films with lower nitrogen concentration (5--25 %) have been found relatively easier to deposit, for example…
Small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) patterns are recorded from thin breast tissue samples containing healthy and cancerous regions. The SAXS patterns are compared with histo-pathological observations. The information available from SAXS is reviewed, and a model for scattering from collagen is presented. Scattering pat…
There is still little known about the origin, quantity and reactivity of defect species in reduced zirconia. Reduction of zirconia with flowing dry hydrogen leads to the adsorption of hydrogen and to the formation of oxygen vacancies. The number of vacancies increases with increasing treatment temperature, with increa…
The heat capacity anomaly at the transition to superconductivity of the layered superconductor MgB$_2$ is compared to first-principles calculations with the Coulomb repulsion, $μ^\ast$, as the only parameter which is fixed to give the measured $T_c$. We solve the Eliashberg equations for both an isotropic one-band and…
We propose a novel approach to continuum modeling of the dynamics of crystal surfaces. Our model follows the evolution of an ensemble of step configurations, which are consistent with the macroscopic surface profile. Contrary to the usual approach where the continuum limit is achieved when typical surface features con…
This work presents a novel approach to fine-tuning the size, shape, and interparticle spacing of nanoparticles fabricated by nanosphere lithography (NSL). This approach, termed angle-resolved nanosphere lithography (AR NSL), is a variant of NSL that yields vastly different, and increasingly flexible, nanostructures. T…
We conduct numerical simulations of random packings of frictionless particles at T = 0. The packing fraction where the pressure becomes nonzero is the same as the jamming threshold, where the static shear modulus becomes nonzero. The distribution of threshold packing fractions narrows, and its peak approaches random c…
MoO3−x samples were prepared under different temperature and gas atmosphere conditions. The samples, which are all of the crystallographic MoO3 structure, have been investigated by XRD, SEM, diffuse reflection (DR) UV/VIS and Raman spectroscopies to characterize their properties as a function of the different concentr…
The dephasing of particle plasmons is investigated using light-scattering spectroscopy on individual gold nanoparticles. We find a drastic reduction of the plasmon dephasing rate in nanorods as compared to small nanospheres due to a suppression of interband damping. The rods studied here also show very little radiatio…
Abstract A combination of Laser Raman Spectroscopy, Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry and Scanning Electron Microscopy has been used to investigate the influence of corrosion inhibitors on the mechanism of scale formation. In a series of experiments mixed barium and strontium sulphate scales were precipitated onto a ste…
When alpha,beta-unsaturated substrates bind to the active site of enoyl-CoA hydratase, large spectral changes can be observed [D'Ordine, R. L., et al. (1994) Biochemistry 33, 12635-12643]. The differences in the isotropic magnetic shieldings of the free and active site-bound forms of the carbonyl, alpha-, and beta-car…