Materials Literature
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Microemulsions are effective media for solution-based synthesis of metallic nanoparticles where surfactants and other ionic species influence the directed assembly of the nanomaterials with specific sizes, geometries, and compositions. This study demonstrates the effects of chloride ion on the synthesis of copper nano…
The geometry of {001} surfaces of spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ) was investigated by first‐principles simulations within density‐functional theory (DFT). The calculations show that the structure relaxation or reconstruction occurs for a depth of about 0.5 nm. The (001)‐Mg surface shows moderate relaxations and the (001)‐Al surf…
A phase diagram of temperature versus strain was constructed for a (001)‐oriented PbZr 1− x Ti x O 3 epitaxial single crystal thin film near the bulk morphotropic boundary composition ( x =0.47) on an (001)‐oriented cubic substrate. The phase‐field approach is employed. It is shown that a mixture of distorted rhombohe…
Although nowadays the so-called environmental scanning electron microscopes (ESEMs) allow the observation of the samples without metal or carbon coating, many conventional scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) are still in use. On the other hand, the presence of erythrocytes (red blood cells, RBCs) in a smear is consid…
A qualitative and quantitative analysis of the microtexture/microstructure in several experimental boron nitride fibers was investigated by X‐ray diffraction and electron microscopy according to their mechanical properties. Young's modulus was controlled by grain orientation. The disordered microstructure of low modul…
Ce 0.9 Gd 0.1 O 2− x (CGO) layers were deposited onto nonconductive porous NiO–CGO supports by electrophoretic infiltration, and then compacted by isostatic pressing to achieve a high packing density of the deposited layer. The bilayers were sintered to give dense CGO layers at 1290°C in air. A fuel cell comprising an…
One of the significant challenges in the use of nanoparticles is the control of primary particle size and extent of agglomeration when grown from the gas phase. In this paper we consider the role of surface passivation of the rate of nanoparticle coalescence. We have studied the coalescence of bare and H-coated silico…
In an array of low-symmetry, L-shaped gold nanoparticles, slight distortions of particle shape and arm lengths eliminate the array’s mirror plane. Such asymmetries induce large angular shifts (∼10°) of the resonant extinction axes directions from those of mirror-symmetric particles. The axes directions exhibit dispers…
The magnetostrictive and magnetoelectric (ME) properties of laminate composites of Fe–20at.%Ga and Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) have been studied for laminates of different geometries. The results show that (i) a long-type magnetostrictive Fe–20at.%Ga crystal plate oriented along ⟨001⟩c and magnetized in its longitudinal (or len…
Kidney stones are heterogeneous polycrystalline aggregates that can consist of several different building blocks. A significant number of human stones contain uric acid crystals as a crystalline component, though the molecular-level growth of this important biomaterial has not been previously well-characterized. In th…
Ag 2 S thin films of 90–300 nm thickness were deposited in 3–8 h at 60–70 °C on glass substrates from a chemical bath containing silver nitrate, sodium thiosulfate and dimethylthiourea (DMTU) or tetramethylthiourea (TMTU). The glass substrates used for this purpose were previously immersed in a chemical deposition bat…
Abstract Two polyethylene/polypropylene/poly(ethylene‐co‐propylene) in‐reactor alloy samples with a good polymer particle morphology were synthesized by sequential multistage gas‐phase polymerization with a spherical Ziegler–Natta catalyst. The alloys showed excellent mechanical properties, including both toughness an…
Structure of x PbO–(100− x )SiO 2 ( x =25–89) glasses has been investigated by means of the X‐ray and neutron diffraction and 29 Si MAS NMR measurements. In the radial distribution functions of all the glasses, the Pb–O correlation was observed at 0.23 nm, indicating that the PbO 3 trigonal pyramids units do exist in…
We have analyzed the symmetry properties and the ground state of an orbital Hubbard model with two orbital flavors, describing a partly filled spin-polarized ${e}_{g}$ band on a cubic lattice, as in ferromagnetic manganites. We demonstrate that the off-diagonal hopping responsible for transitions between ${x}^{2}\ensu…
Abstract Processing and modification routes to produce and to improve properties of biodegradable plastics from soy isolate were studied. Soy isolate, acid‐treated and crosslinked soy were subsequently compounded, extruded, and injection molded. Acetic acid and glyoxal were examined concerning their suitability for ac…
Calcium alanate $[\mathrm{Ca}{(\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{H}}_{4})}_{2}]$ is a candidate material for high-density reversible solid-state hydrogen storage that thus far has been scarcely studied. This paper presents a scheme for solving the crystal structure of a compound based on only a few model structures from similar com…
A tunable focal lens using flat electro-optical liquid-crystal cell with uniform pixel-free electrodes is developed. The lenslike gradient refractive index profile is created in the cell via the spatially distributed polymer network obtained by photopolymerization using a spatially nonuniform laser beam. The condition…
Al 2 O 3 /SiC ceramic nanocomposites were fabricated from nanocrystalline Al 2 O 3 (10 nm in diameter) and SiC (15 nm in diameter) powders, and a theoretical model of intragranular particle residual stress strengthening was investigated. The SiC nanoparticles in the Al 2 O 3 grains create a normal compressive stress a…
Abstract Silicon microreactors with Pt/Al 2 O 3 thin‐film wall catalyst were adopted for kinetic studies of CO preferential oxidation (PrOx). The activity of this catalyst was compared to that of other catalyst systems based on similar formulation. Internal and external mass‐transport and heat‐transport limitations of…
The purpose of this paper is to address the differences observed in the oxidative kinetics between flame and diesel derived soots. In particular, it has been observed that flame soot has a significantly higher activation energy for oxidation than does diesel soot. The hypothesis tested in this paper is that metals, po…