Materials Literature
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Tensile failures Fatigue Other fibre studies Textile processing and testing Case studies - clothing and domestic uses Case studies - industrial uses Fibre archaeology and textile conservation Forensic studies Textile damage in forensic investigations Medical applications.
Spring meshes have been used to model elastic material in computer graphics, with skin, textiles, and soft tissue being typical applications. A spring mesh is a system of vertices and edges, possibly with highly irregular geometry, in which each edge is a spring, and springs are connected by “pin-joints” (“gimbal-join…
Applicability of the modified Wilson model for calculating drug solubility in water-cosolvent mixtures is presented. The accuracy and predictability of the model are compared with those of other models which calculate solute solubility as a function of the solvent composition. Mean of percent deviations from experimen…
Single walled nanotubes (SWTs) can be selectively opened and filled using wet chemistry techniques; treatment of the carbon nanomaterials with concentrated HCl apparently leads to the selective opening of the SWTs at their tips; foreign materials can then be deposited inside the resulting cavities in a similar fashion…
Good quality highly mono-dispersed nanoparticles of II–VI binary chalcogenides ME (M = Zn or Cd, E = S or Se) have been prepared in a ‘one-pot’ synthesis by the thermolysis in tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO, e.g. at 200 °C for 45 min, ca. 50 Å ± 2.5 Å diameter) of the corresponding bis[methyl(n-hexyl)di-thio or -sel…
Collagen fibres form cross-helical, cross-ply or quasi-random feltworks in extensible connective tissues; strain-induced reorientation of these networks gives rise to the non-linear mechanical properties of connective tissue at finite strains. Such tissues are also generally viscoelastic (i.e. display time-dependent p…
The imaginary coefficients of the complex index of refraction of olivine, low‐Ca orthopyroxene, and high‐Ca clinopyroxene are derived as a function of iron content and wavelength over the spectral region 0.4 to 2.5 μm from reflectance spectra of powders and Hapke radiative transfer theory. Reflectance spectra as a fun…
Computer simulation techniques have been used to investigate the defect and transport properties of the zirconia (ZrO2) oxygen-ion conductor. First, a wide variety of low-valent metal ions are substituted into zirconia, and the energetics of solution investigated. Favourable dopants (on energetic grounds) have been ca…
Two strategies to improve the catalytic activity of Ti-MCM-41 materials in the epoxidation of olefins are described; the first approach involves silylation of the surface of Ti-MCM-41 which produces a very hydrophobic catalyst whereas the second approach is based on removal of water from the reaction media; the increa…
The collagens are a large and diverse family of proteins which are found in the extracellular matrix. In common with one another, the 19 known collagen types have triple-helical domains of variable length but they differ with respect to their overall size and the nature and location of their globular domains. Collagen…
Practical procedures are reported for the syntheses of amine and ester-substituted silsesquioxane frameworks with the formula R8Si8O12 with R = CH2CH2CH2NH2 (2), [CH2CH2CH2NH3]Cl (3) and CH2CH2CMe2CH2CO2Me (4); the use of 2 as a core for starburst dendrimers with R = CH2CH2CH2N(CH2CH2CO2Me)2 (5) and CH2CH2CH2N(CH2CH2C…
Heating 4,7-dihydro-4,7-ethano-2H-isoindole at 200 °C induces the retro-Diels–Alder reaction to give isoindole in essentially quantitative yield, which can be applied to a new synthesis of tetrabenzoporphyrins and monobenzoporphyrins.
Monodisperse gold–polypyrrole nanocomposites, consisting of a gold nanocrystal surrounded by a shell of polypyrrole, are shown to be stabilized by diblock copolymer micelles. Annealing thin films of the gold–polypyrrole-loaded micelles above the glass transition temperature yields compact gold particles encapsulated b…
Current topics in elastomers for biomedical applications are reviewed. Elastomeric biomaterials, such as silicones, thermoplastic elastomers, polyolefin and polydiene elastomers, poly(vinyl chloride), natural rubber, heparinized polymers, hydrogels, polypeptides elastomers and others are described. In addition biomedi…
Preface. 1: Introduction. 1.1. What are porous materials? 1.2. Classification of porous materials. 2: Powder compacts and green bodies for porous materials. 2.1 .Sintering as a process for producing porous materials. 2.2. The raw powder. 2.3. Green bodies. 2.4. Pore forming agents. 3: Sintering mechanisms and advanced…
De nouveaux materiaux solides iridescents peuvent etre produits dans l'eau par simple evaporation a partir de suspensions cristallines liquides nematiques, chirales et lyotropiques faites de microcrystallites cellulosiques. Les microcrystallites sont des fragments de microfibrilles colloidalement stables produits par…
A new method of the formation of composite polypyrrole films containing a highly dispersed three‐dimensional array of platinum catalyst particles is presented. PtCl 4 2 − anions were trapped inside the polypyrrole matrix during the electropolymerization of pyrrole. In the next step followed by solution exchange, PtCl…
Monodisperse gold–polypyrrole nanocomposites, consisting of a gold nanocrystal surrounded by a shell of polypyrrole, are shown to be stabilized by diblock copolymer micelles. Annealing thin films of the gold–polypyrrole-loaded micelles above the glass transition temperature yields compact gold particles encapsulated b…
A SiO2 material with the lowest framework density (15.4 SiO2 nm–3) and the largest void volume fraction (nearly 50%) ever reported for crystalline silica polymorphs has been synthesised, and its structure solved by direct methods and fully refined using low-resolution powder X-ray diffraction data.
Chemical schemes for the preparation of direct band-gap semiconductor quantum dots have advanced rapidly over the past few years. It is now possible to prepare a variety of III–V semiconductors with a finite size (InP, InAs, GaAs, etc.) and compare their size-dependent properties with the well studied II–VI class of q…