Materials Literature
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Abstract Uniformity of elements distribution in Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin films were analyzed using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to improve of conversion efficiency on solar cells. The films were prepared from CuCl or CuCl2, ZnCl2, SnCl2, and thiourea by spray pyrolysis on quartz glass. The composition on surfac…
We advance a theory of ripple formation on the surface of an initially elemental material that is subjected to concurrent oblique-incidence impurity deposition and normal-incidence ion bombardment. The theory applies when the target atoms and impurities react to produce a chemical compound, as in many experiments that…
OBJECTIVES: Low patency rates of saphenous vein grafts remain a major predicament in surgical revascularization. We examined a novel expandable external support device designed to mitigate causative factors for early and late graft failure. METHODS: For this study, fourteen adult sheep underwent cardiac revascularizat…
Postsynthetic modification (PSM) has been exploited for the preparation of two novel N 3 -decorated MOFs, namely, UMCM-1-N 3 [Zn 4 O(N 3 tpa)(btb) 4/3; N 3 tpa 2– = 2-azidoterephthalate; btb 3– = 4,4′,4″-benzene-1,3,5-triyl-tribenzoate] and MIXMOF-5-N 3 [Zn 4 O(N 3 tpa) 0.4 (tpa) 2.6; tpa 2– = terephthalate], featured…
Emulsion-based delivery systems are needed to encapsulate, protect, and deliver lipophilic bioactive components in the food, personal care, and pharmaceutical industries. The functional performance of these systems can be controlled by engineering the composition and structure of the interfacial layer coating the lipi…
Molecule deformation to macroactuation: In a novel hybrid assembly photoisomerization causes microscale deformation of molecules that is amplified to macroscale bending of a composite membrane. The nanoscale molecular crystals, which are unevenly distributed in a functional polymer matrix, provide a new strategy for d…
Graphene is a two-dimensional material with exotic electronic, optical and thermal properties. The optical absorption in monolayer graphene is limited by the fine structure constant α. Here we demonstrated the strong enhancement of light absorption and thermal radiation in homogeneous graphene. Numerical simulations s…
A surface micro/nano structuring technique was demonstrated by utilizing a picosecond laser beam to rapidly modify the optical property of copper surfaces with a scanning speed up to tens of millimeters per second. Three kinds of surface micro/nanostructures corresponding to three levels of reflectance were produced w…
The control of the polarity of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition grown AlN on sapphire is demonstrated. Al-polar and N-polar AlN is grown side-by-side yielding a lateral polarity structure. Scanning electron microscopy measurements reveal a smooth surface for the Al-polar and a relatively rough surface for the N-…
The influence of solution chemistry on the kinetics and reversibility of the deposition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) on model biological membranes was investigated using a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) comprised of zwitterionic 1,2-dioleoyl-…
A semianalytical carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNFET) model based on the virtual-source model is presented, which includes series resistance, parasitic capacitance, and direct source-to-drain tunneling leakage. The model is calibrated with recent experimental data down to 9-nm gate length. Device performanc…
Special delivery! The title system, composed of a highly magnetic core surrounded by a thin uniform gold shell, has been synthesized and applied to the magnetically facilitated delivery of genetic material (siRNA or plasmid DNA) into neural stem cells (NSCs) for controlling their neural differentiation in a spatiotemp…
Zeolite-geopolymer hybrid materials have been formed when kaolin was used as a starting material. Their characteristics are of interest because they can have a wide pore size distribution with micro- and meso-pores due to the zeolite and geopolymer, respectively. In this study, Zeolite-geopolymer hybrid bulk materials…
Cobalt with low stacking fault energy in the forms of bulk and powders was severely deformed using high-pressure torsion to investigate the influence of grain size on allotropic phase transformations. A phase transformation occurred from metastable fcc to hcp until the average grain size reached the submicrometer leve…
Thermodynamically stable nanovesicle structures are of high interest for academia and industry in a wide variety of application fields, ranging from preparation of nanomaterials to nanomedicine. Here, we show the ability of quaternary ammonium surfactants and sterols to self-assemble, forming stable amphiphilic bimole…
The influence of the potential pulse height of square-wave voltammetry (SWV) (i.e., the SW amplitude) is studied for a variety of quasireversible electrode mechanisms, including a simple solution-phase electrode reaction at a planar or spherical electrode, a solution phase electrode reaction coupled with a reversible…
Graphene mesh electrodes (GMEs) with good conductivity and transparency have been fabricated by the standard industrial photolithography and O2 plasma etching process using graphene solutions. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells using GMEs as the transparent electrodes with a blend of poly-(3-hexylthiophene)/phenyl-C61-b…
The design optimization methods described in this paper are employing an ultrafast computationally efficient finite element analysis technique. A minimum number of magnetostatic solutions are used for the analysis, which makes possible the study of thousands of candidate motor designs with typical PC-workstation compu…
By initially depositing a sub-10 nm-thick SnO2 film, the microstructural evolution that is often considered problematic can be utilized to form Sn nanoparticles on the surface of a 3D current collector for enhanced cycling stability. The work described here highlights a novel approach for the uniform deposition of Sn…
Antisense therapy is a powerful tool for post-transcriptional gene silencing suitable for down-regulating target genes associated to disease. Gold nanoparticles have been described as effective intracellular delivery vehicles for antisense oligonucleotides providing increased protection against nucleases and targeting…