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The impact of temperature and humidity conditions on surface insulation resistance values for various fluxes

Christopher Hunt、Ling Zou1999-04-01Soldering and Surface Mount Technology

The surface insulation resistance (SIR) test has traditionally been performed by taking measurements at certain points during a seven‐day test under well established environmental conditions. The work reported here explores the influence of test temperature and humidity when using a typical resin flux, a weak organic…

High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomenaPower Transformer Diagnostics and InsulationNon-Destructive Testing Techniques

TEMPO radicals showing magnetic interactions. I. 4-(4-Halobenzylideneamino)TEMPO and related compounds

Fujiko Iwasaki、J.H. Yoshikawa、Hajime Yamamoto 等 8 位作者1999-04-01Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science

X-ray crystal structure analyses of the 4-(4-halobenzylideneamino)TEMPO (TEMPO = 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-1-oxyl) radicals 4-(4-fluorobenzylideneamino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-1-oxyl, 4-(4-chlorobenzylideneamino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-1-oxyl, 4-(4-bromobenzylideneamino)-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl-1-o…

Metal complexes synthesis and propertiesMagnetism in coordination complexesFree Radicals and Antioxidants

Antitumour Efficacy of Cyclodextrin-complexed and Niosome- encapsulated Plumbagin in Mice Bearing Melanoma B16F1

Esha Oommen、Baskar Shenoy、N Udupa 等 5 位作者1999-04-01Pharmacy and Pharmacology Communications

An inclusion complex of plumbagin with β-cyclodextrin was prepared with a view to increasing the aqueous solubility and stability of the drug. The drug complex and the free drug were entrapped in niosomes using a lipid layer hydration method with cholesterol, Span 60 and dicetyl phosphate. The niosomal entrapment effi…

Nanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryImmunotherapy and Immune ResponsesErythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology

Synthesis and characterization of poly(3,3 bis(azidomethyl)oxetane-co-?-caprolactone)s

Jean‐Jacques Jutier、An�mone De Gunzbourg、Robert E. Prud’homme1999-04-01Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry

The quasi-living cationic copolymerization of 3,3-bis(chloromethyl)oxetane (BCMO) and ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), using boron trifluoride etherate as catalyst and 1,4-butanediol as coinitiator, was investigated in methylene chloride at 0°C. The resulting hydroxyl-ended copolymers exhibit a narrow molecular weight polydispe…

Polymer crystallization and propertiesAdvanced Polymer Synthesis and CharacterizationFuel Cells and Related Materials

Interaction of lysine with iodic acid

A.M. Petrosyan、R.P. Sukiasyan、S. Terzyan 等 4 位作者1999-04-01Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science

A new compound in the Lys-HIO(3)-H(2)O system (where Lys = lysine), lysine-iodic acid (1/3), C(6)H(14)N(2)O(2).3HIO(3), has been discovered. Its crystals display nonlinear optical properties. They were investigated by X-ray analysis, IR spectroscopy and NQR methods. The parameters of the unit cell are a = 8.360 (2), b…

Nonlinear Optical Materials ResearchProtein Interaction Studies and Fluorescence AnalysisMolecular spectroscopy and chirality

Thin and Low-Resistivity Tantalum Nitride Diffusion Barrier and Giant-Grain Copper Interconnects for Advanced ULSI Metallization

Shin‐ichi Nakao、Masashi Numata、Tadahiro Ohmi1999-04-01Japanese Journal of Applied Physics

The barrier performance and properties (resistivity, crystalline phase and surface microroughness) of tantalum nitride films, as well as the relationship between grain size and diffusivity of copper films, are reported. The resistivity and R a roughness of Ta2N film formed by reactive sputtering using argon and nitrog…

Metal and Thin Film MechanicsSemiconductor materials and devicesCopper Interconnects and Reliability

External pressure influence on ferroelectrics and antiferroelectrics of theKH2PO4family: A unified model

I. V. Stasyuk、Р. Р. Левицкий、A. P. Moina1999-04-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Within the four-particle cluster approximation for the proton ordering model, we study effects of external pressures which do not lower the crystals symmetry on deuterated ferroelectrics and antiferroelectrics of ${\mathrm{KH}}_{2}{\mathrm{PO}}_{4} $ family. The theory provides a satisfactory description of the availa…

Nonlinear Optical Materials ResearchSolid-state spectroscopy and crystallographyMolecular spectroscopy and chirality

Use of Blended Precursors of Poly(vinylsilane) in Polycarbosilane for Silicon Carbide Fiber Synthesis with Radiation Curing

Masaki Narisawa、Akira Idesaki、Shuhei Kitano 等 7 位作者1999-04-01Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Blended organosilicon precursors containing 10 or 20% of poly(vinylsilane) (PVS) in polycarbosilane (PCS) were prepared and shaped into fiber form by melt‐spinning. The influence of PVS addition on the spinning, radiation‐curing, and pyrolysis processes was investigated. The addition of PVS increased the spinability o…

Advanced ceramic materials synthesisTribology and Wear AnalysisSilicone and Siloxane Chemistry

XPS Characterization of Bi and Mn Collected on Atom-Trapping Silica for AAS

Şefik Süzer、Nusret Ertaş、O. Yavuz Ataman1999-04-01Applied Spectroscopy

The chemical state of analyte species collected on a water-cooled silica tube during atom-trapping atomic absorption spectrometric determination is investigated with the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for Bi and Mn. Analysis of the Bi 4f 7/2 peak reveals that the chemical state of Bi is +3 during initia…

Electrochemical Analysis and ApplicationsX-ray Spectroscopy and Fluorescence AnalysisElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy Techniques

A mechanism for effect of vanadium on hardenability of medium carbon manganese steel

H. Adrian1999-04-01Materials Science and Technology

The effect of additions of vanadium with simultaneous additions of other carbonitride forming microalloying elements (Ti, Nb, Zr) or Al on the hardenability of steels of composition Fe–0·4C–1·5Mn–(0·004–0·021)N (wt-%) was investigated. Using a thermodynamic model, the composition of the austenite and the amount of und…

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of SteelsAdvanced materials and compositesMetal Alloys Wear and Properties

Alignment transition in a nematic liquid crystal due to field-induced breaking of anchoring

Valentina S. U. Fazio、L. Komitov1999-04-01Europhysics Letters (EPL)

We report on the alignment transition of a nematic liquid crystal from initially homeotropic to quasi-planar due to field-induced anchoring breaking. The initial homeotropic alignment is achieved by Langmuir-Blodgett monolayers. In this geometry the anchoring strength can be evaluated by the Frederiks transition techn…

Liquid Crystal Research AdvancementsPlant and animal studiesNonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation

DART Model for Irradiation-Induced Swelling of Uranium Silicide Dispersion Fuel Elements

J. Rest、G.L. Hofman1999-04-01Nuclear Technology

Models for the interaction of uranium silicide dispersion fuels with an aluminum matrix, for the resultant reaction product swelling, and for the calculation of the stress gradient within the fuel particles are described within the context of DART fission-gas-induced swelling models. The effects of an aluminide shell…

Nuclear reactor physics and engineeringNuclear Materials and PropertiesX-ray Diffraction in Crystallography

Ferromagnetic manganites: Half-metals versus polaronic conductors

M. M. Savosta、В. А. Бородин、P. Novák1999-04-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

The spin-lattice and spin-spin NMR relaxation times ${T}_{1}$ and ${T}_{2}$ of ${}^{55}\mathrm{Mn}$ and ${}^{139}\mathrm{La}$ were measured as a function of temperature in several $(\mathrm{LaNa}){\mathrm{MnO}}_{3}$ perovskites, which are ferromagnetic and exhibit metallic conductivity. Exponential dependence was obse…

Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materialsRare-earth and actinide compoundsAdvanced Condensed Matter Physics

Effect of Radical Initiators on the Size and Formation of Silver Nanoclusters in Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Naohisa Yanagihara、Kazutaka Uchida、Miyuki Wakabayashi 等 5 位作者1999-04-01Langmuir

Silver nanoclusters in poly(methyl methacrylate) (Ag/PMMA) were prepared by bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate with radical initiators in the presence of silver(I) trifluoroacetate (AgTfa), followed by a period of heating. To compare the influence of the type of radical initiator on the formation of Ag nanoclu…

Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis and ApplicationsNanocluster Synthesis and ApplicationsLaser-Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles

High‐precision assessment of interface lattice offset by quantitative HRTEM

SCHWEINFEST、F. Ernst、WAGNER 等 4 位作者1999-04-01Journal of Microscopy

We introduce a new method to determine the 'lattice offset' or 'rigid-body shift' between two crystals forming an interface. Our method relies on quantitative evaluation of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy images. Employing the (001)-orientated interface between Al and MgAl2O4 in parallel orientation a…

Nuclear Physics and ApplicationsElectron and X-Ray Spectroscopy TechniquesX-ray Diffraction in Crystallography

An automated measurement system for core loss characterization

A.J. Batista、J.C.S. Fagundes、P. Viarouge1999-04-01IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement

This paper describes an automated measurement system for core loss characterization. This system can accomplish these aims, within specified magnetic induction and frequency ranges, and at different temperatures, with high accuracy, due to the techniques used in the acquisition and computation of the waveforms involve…

Electric Motor Design and AnalysisSilicon Carbide Semiconductor TechnologiesMagnetic Properties and Applications

Modelling and analysis of DIII-D/DiMES sputtered impurity transport experiments

J.N. Brooks、D.G. Whyte1999-04-01Nuclear Fusion

A comprehensive modelling effort to analyse sputtering erosion and redeposition in the DIII-D/DiMES 70, 71 and 79 experiments using metal films (beryllium, vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten) on a carbon divertor probe has been performed. These materials were exposed at the outer strike point of an attached H mode plasma…

Magnetic confinement fusion researchFusion materials and technologiesLaser-induced spectroscopy and plasma

Superstructure and superconductivity inLi1−xNbO2(x≈0.7)single crystals

E. Moshopoulou、P. Bordet、J.J. Capponi1999-04-01Physical review. B, Condensed matter

Single-crystal x-ray and electron diffraction studies established a direct relationship between lithium content, crystal structure, niobium valence, and the appearance of superconductivity in the system ${\mathrm{Li}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{NbO}}_{2}.$ The induction of superconductivity by removal of $x\ensuremath…

Multiferroics and related materialsIron-based superconductors researchElectronic and Structural Properties of Oxides

Comparative study on indentation fracture toughness evaluations of soda–lime–silica glass

K.K. Ray、A.K. Dutta1999-04-01British Ceramic Transactions

The fracture toughness of a commercial soda–lime– silica glass has been measured by the Vickers indentation method at four different indentation loads between 1·96 and 9·8 N and four different indentation times between 15 and 30 s. Indentation fracture toughness (IFT) values were calculated using 14 different formulae…

Advanced ceramic materials synthesisAdvanced Surface Polishing TechniquesAdvanced materials and composites

Structure of low temperature phase γ-LaSc3(BO3)4 crystal

Guofu Wang、Meiyun He、Wenzhi Chen 等 6 位作者1999-04-01Materials Research Innovations

We reported the investigating results of the phase transition and phase structure for LaSc3(BO3)4 crystal. LaSc3(BO3)4 crystal exist three phases: high temperature phase a-LaSc3(BO3)4 with space group C2/c, medium temperature phase β-LaSc3(BO3)4 with space group R32 and low temperature phase γ -LaSc3(BO3)4 with space…

Intermetallics and Advanced Alloy PropertiesNuclear Materials and PropertiesInorganic Chemistry and Materials