Materials Literature
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To construct a hybrid titania photoanode containing nanoparticles and nanorods of varied size in a multilayer (ML) configuration for dye-sensitized solar cells, the essence of our ML design is a bilayer system with additional layers of nanorods of well-controlled size inserted between the transparent and the scatterin…
Annihilation of dark matter can result in the production of stable Standard Model particles including electrons and positrons that, in the presence of magnetic fields, lose energy via synchrotron radiation, observable as radio emission. Galaxy clusters are excellent targets to search for or to constrain the rate of da…
The propagation of an adhesive crack through an anisotropic heterogeneous interface is considered. Tuning the local toughness distribution function and spatial correlation is numerically shown to induce a transition between weak to strong pinning conditions. While the macroscopic effective toughness is given by the me…
The hexagonal nanomembranes of the group III-nitrides are a subject of interest due to their novel technological applications. In this paper, we investigate the strain- and electric field-induced modulation of their band gaps in the framework of density functional theory. For AlN, the field-dependent modulation of the…
Abstract The controlled growth of self‐assembled second‐phase nanostructures has been shown to be an essential tool for enhancing properties of several composite oxide thin film systems. Here, the role of Y2O3 nanoparticles on the growth of BaZrO3 (BZO) nanorods is investigated in order to understand the mechanisms go…
Heterogeneous reactions on mineral aerosols remain an important subject in atmospheric chemistry because of their role in altering the properties of particles and the budget of trace gases. Yet, the role of coadsorption of trace gases onto mineral aerosols and potential synergistic effects are largely uncertain, espec…
Abstract Collagen biomineralization is a complex process and the controlling factors at the molecular level are still not well understood. A particularly high level of spatial control over collagen mineralization is evident in the anchorage of teeth to the jawbone by the periodontal ligament. Here, unmineralized ligam…
Abstract In the field of polymer solar cells, improving photovoltaic performance has been the main driver over the past decade. To achieve high power conversion efficiencies, a plethora of new photoactive donor polymers and fullerene derivatives have been developed and blended together in bulk heterojunction active la…
ABSTRACT Microgels are crosslinked soft particles with a three‐dimensional network structure that are swollen in a good solvent. They have frequently been termed “smart materials” since the size, softness, and interaction forces between particles are tunable by external stimuli such as temperature, pH, or magnetic and…
The target of the present work is to review the literature regarding the effects of biodiesel blends on nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions during the transient operation of diesel engines (acceleration, load increase, starting, driving cycles). The most important mechanisms are analyzed on the basis of the fundamental asp…
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem with no effective clinical treatment. Use of bioactive scaffold materials has been shown to be a promising strategy for tissue regeneration and repair in a number of injury models. Of these scaffold materials, urinary bladder matrix (UBM) derived from porci…
Electron beam-induced deposition (EBID) enables the direct-write patterning of metallic structures with sub-10 nm lateral resolution without the use of resist films or etching/lift-off steps but generally leads to material of poor quality and suffers from a low throughput. These shortcomings were mitigated in recent w…
The influence of residue quality on soil organic C (SOC) retention has been called into question. A field experiment in Northeast Thailand, in which contrasting quality organic residues were applied yearly for 13 yr, was used to determine quantities, locations, and stability of SOC in the soil matrix and identify resi…
Spinel ZnGa 2 O 4 ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid‐state method and their microwave dielectric properties were investigated. The phase evolution and microstructures of specimens were studied by XRD and SEM . The textured surface microstructures of ZnGa 2 O 4 ceramics formed at high sintering temperature…
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive fatal neurodegenerative disease characterised by loss of motor neurons that currently has no cure. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have many health benefits including neuroprotective and myoprotective potential. We tested th…
BACKGROUND: Routine clinical use of novel free-breathing, motion-corrected, averaged late-gadolinium-enhancement (moco-LGE) cardiovascular MR may have advantages over conventional breath-held LGE (bh-LGE), especially in vulnerable patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 390 consecutive patients, we collected bh-LGE and moco…
We demonstrate that with only 1 μm, equivalent bulk thickness, of crystalline silicon, sculpted into the form of a slanted conical-pore photonic crystal and placed on a silver back-reflector, it is possible to attain a maximum achievable photocurrent density (MAPD) of 35.5 mA/cm2 from impinging sunlight. This correspo…
We report on the adsorption and self-metalation of a prototypic tetrapyrrole compound, the free-base porphine (2H-P), on the Cu(111) surface. Our multitechnique study combines scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) results with near-edge X-ray absorption fine-structure (NEXAFS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)…
In this study, lignocellulosic biomass from oil palm trunk (OPT) and oil palm frond (OPF) of oil palm tree, Elaeis guineensis, were treated using the microwave-alkali (Mw-A) method, and their chemical constituents, namely cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, were analyzed. A number of instruments, i.e. FESEM, FT-IR,…
Abstract An experimental approach to determine the spatial extent and location of the exciton recombination zone in an organic light‐emitting device (OLED) is demonstrated. This technique is applicable to a wide variety of OLED structures and is used to examine OLEDs which have a double‐ (D‐EML), mixed‐ (M‐EML), or gr…