Materials Literature
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Reported here is femtosecond laser mediated bandgap tailoring of graphene oxides (GOs) for direct fabrication of graphene-based microdevices. When femtosecond laser pulses were used to reduce and pattern GO, oxygen contents in the reduced region could be modulated by varying the laser power. In this way, the bandgap o…
Abstract Soluble macromolecules are essential to Nature's control over biomineral formation. Following early studies where macromolecules rich in aspartic and glutamic acid were extracted from nacre, research has focused on the use of negatively charged additives to control calcium carbonate precipitation. It is demon…
From first principles calculations, we investigate the stability and physical properties of single-layer $h$-BN sheet chemically functionalized by various groups, viz. H, F, OH, CH${}_{3}$, CHO, CN, NH${}_{2}$, etc. We find that full functionalization of $h$-BN sheet with these groups leads to decrease in its electron…
Two series of wedge-shaped onium salts, one ammonium and the other phosphonium, having 3,4,5-tris(alkyloxy)benzyl moieties, exhibit thermotropic bicontinuous "gyroid" cubic (Cub(bi)) and hexagonal columnar liquid-crystalline (LC) phases by nanosegregation between ionophilic and ionophobic parts. The alkyl chain length…
It has been largely recognised that substantial limitations and uncertainties make the conventional risk assessment (RA) of chemicals unfeasible to apply to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) today, which leaves the regulators with little support in the near term. The aim of this paper is to discuss the state of the art…
The book ‘Thermally and Optically Stimulated Luminescence: A Simulation Approach’ by R. Chen and V. Pagonis is a review of the status of theoretical models and simulation processes relevant to thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL). Obviously, for the topic of the book, there could not hav…
In contrast to the commonly employed high temperature chemical vapor deposition growth that leads to multilayer graphene formation by carbon segregation from the bulk, we demonstrate that below 600 °C graphene can be grown in a self-limiting monolayer growth process. Optimum growth is achieved at ∼550 °C. Above this t…
A new concept of optical encoding approach, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-fluorescence joint spectral encoding method (SFJSE), was demonstrated by using organic-metal-quantum dot (QD) hybrid nanoparticles (OMQ NPs) with a nanolayered structure. This method has two distinct characteristics, which make it mor…
Several exotic characteristics and properties have made graphene a well-studied material from both a basic science viewpoint as well as tantalizing applications ranging from nanoelectronics, gas separation membranes to ultracapacitors. Graphene, however, is non-piezoelectric. This is obvious when graphene is in its me…
We study the electronic instabilities of near 1/4 electron doped graphene using the singular-mode functional renormalization group, with a self-adaptive $k$ mesh to improve the treatment of the van Hove singularities, and variational Monte Carlo method. At 1/4 doping the system is a chiral spin-density wave state exhi…
Polylactide (PLA) is viewed as a potential material to replace synthetic plastics (e.g., poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)) in food packaging, and there have been a number of developments in this direction. However, for PLA to be competitive in more demanding uses such as the packaging of oxygen-sensitive foods, the…
Magnesium-Calcium (Mg-Ca) alloy has received considerable attention as an emerging biodegradable implant material in orthopedic fixation applications. The biodegradable Mg-Ca alloys avoid stress shielding and secondary surgery inherent with permanent metallic implant materials. They also provide sufficient mechanical…
Core-shell structured PEO-chitosan nanofibers have been produced using a coaxial electrospinning setup. PEO and chitosan solutions, both in an aqueous acetic acid solvent, were used as the inner (core) and outer (shell) layer, respectively. Uniform-sized defect-free nanofibers of 150-190 nm diameter were produced. In…
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide We present experimental data illustrating that photochemical upconversion based on sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation can exhibit anti-Stokes emissions whose intensities with respect to the excitation power can vary between quadratic and linear using a noncoheren…
Color filters are widely used in color displays, optical measurement devices, and imaging devices. Conventional color filters have usually only one fixed output color. However developing active color filters with controllable color output can lead to more compact and sophisticated color filter-based devices and applic…
Abstract Modifying surfaces of nanoparticles (NPs) with polyethylene glycol (PEG), the so‐called PEGylation, is the most commonly used method for reducing premature clearance of NPs from the circulation. However, several reports point out that PEGylation may negatively influence the performance of NPs as a drug carrie…
Abstract The combination of one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional building blocks leads to the formation of hierarchical composites that can take full advantages of each kind of material, which is an effective way for the preparation of multifunctional materials with extraordinary properties. Among various building bloc…
The elastic deformation of few layers (5 to 25) of thick, freely suspended MoS2 nanosheets by means of a nanoscopic version of a bending test experiment, carried out with the tip of an atomic force microscope is reported. Young's modulus of these nanosheets is extremely high (E = 0.33 TPa), comparable to that of graph…
Synchrotron FTIR microscopy has been used to probe the structure of model boundary lubricant layers confined at the solid-solid interface. The combination of high brightness of the IR source and a novel contact geometry that uses a hemispherical internal reflection element as the means for light delivery has enabled t…
A series of Si-rich amorphous silicon carbide (a-SiC:H) thin films were deposited in conventional plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition system with various gas ratio R = [CH 4 ]/[SiH 4 ]. The microstructural, optical and electronic properties of as-deposited films were investigated in this study. It was found that…