Materials Literature
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Mössbauer studies of cobalt- and nickel-doped BaFe(2)As(2) show that the s-electron density at the (57)Fe nuclei, as measured by the isomer shift, is the same as that for the parent BaFe(2)As(2). Apparently, the electron population of the d shell, which shields the s-electron density at the nuclei, remains unchanged.…
The refractive index sensitivity (RIS) of a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) transducer is one of the key parameters determining its effectiveness in sensing applications. LSPR spectra of nanoparticulate gold films, including Au island films prepared by evaporation on glass and annealing as well as immobiliz…
This study represents a unique example where the self-assembly of five amphiphilic polypeptides was monitored as a function of their hydrophilic-to-lipophilic balance (HLB). The HLB was tuned by preparing a series of polypeptides with aspartic acid (Asp) and phenylalanine (Phe) according to the sequence (Asp(x)Phe(y))…
Using first-principles density functional theory, we show that, in Mn(2)NiSn, an energy lowering phase transition from the cubic to tetragonal phase occurs which indicates a martensitic phase transition. This structural phase transition is nearly volume-conserving, implying that this alloy can exhibit shape memory beh…
Polarized light microscopy (PLM) is used to image individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) suspended in air across a slit opening. The imaging contrast relies on the strong optical anisotropy typical of SWNTs. We combine PLM with a tunable light source to enable hyperspectral excitation spectroscopy and nanot…
This work reports an x-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy (XANES) study at both Mn and Zn K edges in Zn(0.95)Mn(0.05)O thin films prepared with different sputtering gases (pure Ar, Ar/N(2) and Ar/O(2)). We have studied the local order around Mn in the films, with special emphasis on the role played by bot…
Using density functional theory (DFT), we perform a systematic study of the electronic structure of zigzag edge BNC nanoribbons, which have an equal number of boron, carbon and nitrogen atoms. We study two nanoribbon structures. One of them is terminated by carbon and nitrogen atoms on opposite edges, whereas the othe…
Metallic uranium-zirconium alloys are of interest for a variety of fast reactor designs, and there is substantial experience with the behavior of metallic fuels. Yet, there remain a number of questions regarding the mechanisms controlling fission-gas-driven swelling in these alloys. Here we present results of ab initi…
Chromium thin films are prepared by magnetron sputtering using the glancing angle deposition (GLAD) method. The electrical conductivity of the films exhibiting an inclined columnar structure is investigated. An analytical three-dimensional model is proposed in order to predict the evolution of the electrical conductiv…
A key step during the synthesis of collagen constructs is the incubation of monomeric collagen in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) to promote fibrillogenesis in the collagen network. Optimal PBS-treatment conditions for monomeric collagen solutions to induce gelation are well established in the literature. Recently, a re…
Arrays of planar symmetric gold quadrumers consisting of a central nano-disc surrounded by three similar nano-discs belonging to the D(3h) point group were designed and fabricated. Since the geometrical configuration of quadrumers is the same as planar trigonal molecules, nano-discs can play the roles of artificial at…
Motivated by the experimentally observed high mobility of gold atoms on graphene and their tendency to form nanometer-sized clusters, we present a density functional theory study of the ground state structures of small gold clusters on graphene, their mobility and clustering. Our detailed analysis of the electronic st…
60P₂O₅-20CaO-(20-x) Na₂O-xAg₂O and 60P₂O₅-30CaO-(10-x) Na₂O-xAg₂O glasses, x = 0, 0.5,1, and 2 mol % were prepared using normal glass melting technique. The antibacterial activity of pressed disks of powdered glass (undoped and silver-doped glass) was investigated against S.aureus, P.aeruginosa, and E.coli micro-organ…
The conventional Gibbs energy minimization methods apply elemental amounts of system components as conservation constraints in the form of a stoichiometric conservation matrix. The linear constraints designate the limitations set on the components described by the system constituents. The equilibrium chemical potentia…
Over the last ten years, signatures of high temperature ferromagnetism have been found in thin films and nanoparticles of various materials which are non-ferromagnetic in bulk, from semiconductors to superconductors. These studies often involve state-of-the-art magnetometers working close to the limits of their sensit…
A second generation of empirical potentials is produced for α-Fe within the framework of the magnetic potential formalism (Dudarev and Derlet 2005 J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 17 7097). A materials database that, in addition to ab initio-derived point defect formation energies, now includes third-order elastic constant a…
We studied the effect of pressure on LiMn 2 O 4 commercial powders and well-characterized nanorods using angle-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) in diamond anvil cells and found that spinel LiMn 2 O 4 is extremely sensitive to deviatoric stress induced by external applied pressure. Under nonhydrostatic co…
The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is a long known but still not fully understood transport effect. Most theory papers focus on the influence of one particular contribution to the AHE. Actual measured experimental data, however, often are not in accord with idealized assumptions. In this work we discuss the data analysis…
Charge packet has been observed on many occasions but its physical mechanisms have never been properly understood. One of the models proposed by Lewis et al shows the presence of negative differential mobility with an electric field in semicrystalline polyethylene. In this paper we have observed the negative different…
Hierarchically structured flower leaves (petals) of many plants are superhydrophobic, but water droplets do not roll-off when the surfaces are tilted. On such surfaces water droplets are in the "Cassie impregnating wetting state", which is also known as the "petal effect". By analyzing the petal surfaces of different…