Materials Literature
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We report the degree to which the resonances associated with metal island films can be used to enhance the sensitivity of very thin semiconductor photodetectors. The island films can couple incident light into the waveguide modes of the detector, resulting in increased absorption. To characterize the coupling, silver-…
The birefringence of planar 8OCB samples has been measured as a function of temperature at thicknesses decreasing from 7.2 to 2.6 μm. The first curve (7.2 μm) is perfectly superimposable to the result of conoscopic measurements done with a 100 μm homeotropic uniaxial sample, from a minimum of 0.08 close to the isotrop…
Different emulsion polymerization processes allowed variation in the microstructure of composite natural rubber (NR)-based latex particles. A prevulcanized and a not-crosslinked natural rubber latex were coated with a shell of crosslinked poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or polystyrene (PS). The bipolar redox initiati…
We have prepared nanosized hairy grains by grafting long polydimethylsiloxane chains onto silica particles of radius ≈ 15 nm. The synthesis method allows the particles to keep in truly stable suspension at any stage of their preparation. In dilute suspension, these hairy grains behave as repulsive soft spheres. Above…
Blends composed of poly(ether imide) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) were obtained both by kneading followed by compression molding and by direct injection molding. Both procedures gave rise, probably at all compositions, to biphasic structures with similar homogeneity that showed wide single Tg peaks by dynamic-mech…
The theoretical relationship between dislocation density ρ and applied stress σ of the type σ ∝ ρ 0.5 is an essential part of many microphysical models for dislocation dynamics and creep. Thus, application of these microphysical models requires demonstration of this relation. In an attempt to determine the relation be…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTEley−Rideal Surface Chemistry: Direct Reactivity of Gas Phase Atomic Hydrogen with Adsorbed SpeciesW. Henry WeinbergView Author Information Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106 Cite this: Acc. Chem. Res. 1996, 29, 10,…
It was demonstrated that the mechanical stress-induced βα-transformation in isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is associated with considerable toughness enhancement. This toughness improvement depends on the test conditions (loading frequency). The toughness of β-iPP was superior to the α-iPP by 13% under static (character…
Measurements of the coexistence curves for phase-separated polymer solutions of polymethylmethacrylate in 3-octanone (PMMA/3-OCT) for six different molecular weights of PMMA have been carried out. We have tested the scaling behavior of the order parameter Δφ (the difference between polymer volume fractions in the two…
Ab initio electron propagator calculations on tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) and tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) produce accurate predictions of vertical ionization energies and electron affinities. Plots of Feynman–Dyson amplitudes associated with each ionization process represent how the electron distribution changes fro…
The noise in the depth profiles of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is studied using different samples under various experimental conditions. Despite the noise contributions from various parts of the dynamic SIMS process, its overall character agrees very well with the Poissonian rather than the Gaussian distrib…
Polarized neutron diffuse scattering studies made above and below the re-ordering temperature on an crystal have revealed a random atomic arrangement of Mn and Fe atoms. The magnetic disturbance produced by Mn atoms is confined to the substituted sites. There appears to be greater change in the moment difference betwe…
A soap film (made of two air/water interfaces covered by surfactant) may turn into a so-called Newton black film (NBF) which essentially consists in a surfactant bilayer. Oil-in-water emulsion droplets covered with surfactant (oil/water interfaces) may become adhesive in similar conditions. We show by analyzing the ne…
The structure factor of a poly(ethylene-propylene)-poly(dimethylsiloxane) diblock copolymer has been measured by small-angle neutron scattering as a function of temperature and pressure. The conformational compressibility exhibits a pronounced maximum at the order-disorder phase transition. The phase boundary shows an…
Tunneling spectroscopy studies on oxidized and bare surfaces of icosahedral i-AlPdRe, i-AlCuFe, and approximant $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-AlMnSi phases reveal specific features of the density of states (DOS) close to the Fermi level as compared to the crystalline nonapproximant $\ensuremath{\omega}$-AlCuFe phase. The Ferm…
We report the first observation of the vibrational Raman spectrum of hydrogen molecules ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ in crystalline silicon treated with hydrogen atoms at 400 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. The Raman spectrum of ${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$ in silicon observed at room temperature exhibits a frequency shift of aroun…
Isothermal electron beam heating combined with in situ optical measurements has been used to measure the temperature dependence of the spectral emissivity of lightly doped silicon in the range 345–723 °C for wavelengths between 1 and 9 μm. The absorption coefficient was deduced from the spectral emissivity and compare…
Scanning electron microscopy micrographs of n-type silicon carbide (SiC) anodized in HF solution showed a highly porous layer having structures with dimensions of about 50 nm. The capacitance of the porous electrodes revealed a huge surface area. The photocurrent quantum yield of a porous SiC/electrolyte diode is spec…
Zn in GaN forms an efficient radiative center and acts as a deep acceptor which can make the crystal insulating. Four different Zn-related centers have been by now identified, leading to light emission in the range between 1.8 eV and 2.9 eV. We present a first-principles investigation total energy and electronic struc…
The formation energy of a solid surface can be extracted from slab calculations if the bulk energy per atom is known. It has been pointed out previously that the resulting surface energy will diverge with slab thickness if the bulk energy is in error, in the context of calculations which used different methods to stud…