Materials Literature
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High aspect ratio BaTiO(3) nanotube arrays with single crystal structure were fabricated by the hydrothermal method at low temperature (150 degrees C). Numerous structure study methods, including x-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR),…
Water-soluble silsesquioxane nanoparticles (NPs) incorporating viologen groups (PXV; 1,1'-bis[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]-4,4'-bipyridinium iodide) have been synthesized by sol-gel polymerization. The electrochromic properties of the bulk film fabricated by layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly have been examined, along with t…
Single crystals of diamond up to 18 mm in thickness have been grown by microwave plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition at gas pressures of up to 350 torr. Growth rates of up to 165 μm/h at 300 torr at high power density have been achieved. The processes were evaluated by optical emission spectroscopy. The high-qua…
In order to obtain information on the nature of the “hot” sites in surface-enhanced Raman scattering, we have fabricated a model nanostructure composed of 4-aminobenzenethiol (4-ABT) that has further been sandwiched between Au nanoparticles and a macroscopically smooth Au substrate. In the absence of Au nanoparticles,…
Beta-MnO(2) nanorods were synthesized via a redox reaction of (NH(4))(2)S(2)O(8) and MnSO(4) under hydrothermal conditions. In situ and ex situ x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy were employed to follow the structural and morphological evolution during growth. It was found that the crystallization of b…
Fabrication of efficient semiconductor-sensitized bulk heterojunction solar cells requires the complete filling of the pore system of one semiconductor (host) material with nanoscale dimensions (<100 nm) with a different semiconductor (guest) material. Because of the small pore size and electrical conductivity of the…
By using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and rigorous simulations, we investigate the impact of gap orientation of neighboring split rings on the three lowest order eigenmodes for a metamaterial based on split ring resonators. We distinct scenarios where neighboring split rings have their gap either on the same or…
The major problem in drug delivery to the brain is the presence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) which limits drug penetration even if in certain pathological situations the BBB is partly disrupted. Among noninvasive techniques to overcome this barrier, the use of nanoparticles has been proposed. This review focuses o…
In situ transmission electron microscopy tensile experiments were carried out to investigate lattice dislocation and twin boundary (TB) interaction in Cu with nanoscale growth twins. Results show that extended dislocations form inside thick twin lamellas and slip toward TBs. The extended dislocations shrink, combine,…
Valence-band offset (VBO) of n-ZnO/p-NiO heterojunction has been investigated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Core levels of Zn 2p and Ni 2p were used to align the VBO of n-ZnO/p-NiO heterojunction. It was found that n-ZnO/p-NiO heterojunction has a type-II band alignment and its VBO is determined to be 2.60±0.20…
The inverse magnetocaloric effect occurs when a magnetic material cools down under applied magnetic field in an adiabatic process. Although the existence of the inverse magnetocaloric effect was recently reported experimentally, a theoretical microscopic description is almost nonexistent. In this paper we theoreticall…
The dominant role of grain boundary scattering in the low-temperature resistivity of both ${\text{SiO}}_{2}$ and $\text{Ta}/{\text{SiO}}_{2}$ encapsulated Cu thin films is demonstrated by the experimental variation and quantification of film thickness, roughness, and grain size. The independent variation in film thick…
We investigated the temperature-dependent thermoelectric power (TEP) of individual wide band gap ZnO and GaN semiconducting nanowires by fabricating the devices with good Ohmic contacts. In the temperature range of 10–300 K, the measured TEP of both nanowires was linearly dependent on temperature, indicating the degen…
Multimodal contrast agents based on highly luminescent quantum dots (QDs) combined with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) or ions form an exciting class of new materials for bioimaging. With two functionalities integrated in a single nanoparticle, a sensitive contrast agent for two very powerful and highly complementary i…
The dynamic glass transition (alpha relaxation, structural relaxation) of ultrathin polysulfone films prepared between aluminum electrodes is investigated by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. As a main result, it is found that the glass transition temperature Tg does not depend on the thickness of the polymeric laye…
We report confocal microscopy observations of the spatial distribution of monodisperse charge-stabilized colloidal particles (amphoteric polystyrene latex) incorporated within a spinodal-type phase-separating system of mixed biopolymers (gelatin + oxidized starch). Images from samples aged at 40 degrees C demonstrate…
The oxygen vacancy in BiFeO3 is calculated to be a double donor with states 0.6 eV below the conduction band edge, consistent with cathodoluminescence and electronic conductivity data. The atomic configurations were relaxed using the local density approximation plus Hubbard U (LDA+U) to the electron-correlation energy…
Abstract Self‐assembled nanocapsules containing a hydrophilic core and a crosslinked yet thermosensitive shell are successfully prepared using poly(ethylene‐oxide)‐poly(propylene‐oxide)‐poly(ethylene‐oxide) block copolymers, 4‐nitrophenyl chloroformate, gelatin, and 1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide. The…
Delafossite antiferromagnetic oxide ${\text{CuCrO}}_{2}$ was investigated by means of neutron powder diffraction versus temperature. Evolution of the structural parameters (in the $R\overline{3}m$ hexagonal setting) shows a steady decrease in the $a$ lattice parameter but negative thermal expansion along $c$ as the te…
Advances in atomic resolution in situ environmental transmission electron microscopy for direct probing of gas-solid reactions, including at very high temperatures (approximately 2000 degrees C) are described. In addition, recent developments of dynamic real time in situ studies at the Angstrom level using a hot stage…