Materials Literature
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Abstract : This second-year progress report describes an ongoing program on the multiscale modeling of noncrystalline ceramics (glass) funded from the Director s Strategic Initiatives (DSIs) in support of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory s (ARL) Strategic Research Initiatives. The long-term research goal of the progr…
This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The Causticisation Reaction Causticisation studies Kinetics Use of the equilibrium approach Conclusions Acknowledgments
This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Critical Current Density Voltammetric Investigations ‘Visual’ Observations Mechanism of the Anode Effect Anode Effect in Industrial Cells Control of Anode Effects in Industrial Cells Future Developments Conclusions Acknowledgement
In support of the Bioenergy Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) are undertaking studies of biomass conversion technologies to hydrocarbon fuels to identify barriers and target research toward reducing conversion costs. Process design…
The Team implemented a two-phase evaluation process. During the first phase, a wide variety of past and new candidate facilities and processing methods were assessed against the criteria established by DOE for this assessment. Any system or system element selected for consideration as an alternative within the project…
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We propose a hybrid nano-structuring scheme for tailoring thermal and thermoelectric transport properties of graphene nanoribbons. Geometrical structuring and isotope cluster engineering are the elements that constitute the proposed scheme. Using first-principles based force constants and Hamiltonians, we show that th…
This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction Different equipment, its operation and limits: current and future solutions Maskless photolithography Alignment Electron-sensitive resists Electron–matter interaction Physical effect of electronic bombardment in the target Physical limitations of e-beam lithography E…
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The metal leaching characteristics and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of five different types of waste foundry sands were analyzed with the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) and head space-gas chromatography (HS-GC). Microtox and soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA) tests were then used to evaluate the…
More than 56 million gallons of radioactive and hazardous waste are stored in 177 underground storage tanks at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE’s) Hanford Site in southeastern Washington State. The Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP) is being constructed to treat the wastes and immobilize t…
The U.S. Department of Energy’s Light Water Reactor Sustainability program has developed a control room simulator in support of control room modernization at nuclear power plants in the U.S. This report highlights the recent completion of this reconfigurable, full-scale, full-scope control room simulator buildout at t…
Abstract The International Centre for Diffraction Data is a non-profit scientific organization dedicated to collecting, editing, publishing, and distributing powder diffraction data for the identification of crystalline materials. Our mission is to continue to be the world center for quality diffraction and related da…
Composites offer the designers a combination of properties not available in traditional materials. In addition to the use of composite material in the construction itself it has also gained momentum in the product that complete construction. For example, composite materials have been used in products that are used in…
Many big building fires happened in the past involved burning furniture foam. In some places such as Hong Kong, foams treated with fire retardant additives are only required to test their ignitability under a small flame. It was proposed earlier that the behaviour of furniture foam in flashover fires should be assesse…
Li8FeSm22O38 single crystals have been grown by spontaneous flux crystallization, and their structure has been identified by X-ray diffraction analysis as follows: cubic crystals, a = 11.9078(5) Å, sp.gr. $$Im\bar 3m$$ , Z = 2. Fe atoms occupy two mixed positions. Magnetic ions have different ligand environments: a re…
We synthesized NaYF4:Gd/Yb/Er upconversion nanophosphors doped with Gd. The as-synthesized upconversion nanorods were confirmed to be with well-monodisperse and good fluorescence properties. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) was covalently grafted to and suspended with hydroxyl and carboxylic groups of upconversion nanorods w…
This study reports on the time-resolved polymer propagation of thermal-sensitive latex nanoparticles containing Fe3O4 cores. The latex shells are made with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) (Fe3O4/P(NIPAAm-co-AAc)) at different reaction times. The Fe3O4 particles are first modified using AAc monomers. The AA…
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWNTs) were procured from Nanoshel, USA. Covalent functionalization was accomplished with three types of oxidants: (1) 70% Nitric acid under reflux (2) Sulfuric acid and Nitric acid (v/v = 3/1) under sonication (3) 20% Sulfuric acid and Nitric acid (v/v = 3/1) by heating. The non covalen…
The equations of averaged momentum, turbulence kinetic energy, turbulence dissipation rate with the additional term of the fibers, and the equation of probability distribution function for mean fiber orientation are derived and solved numerically for fiber suspension flowing in a turbulent boundary layer. The mathemat…