Materials Literature
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A fluctuation relation for aging systems is introduced and verified by extensive numerical simulations. It is based on the hypothesis of partial equilibration over phase-space regions in a scenario of entropy-driven relaxation. The relation provides a simple alternative method, amenable of experimental implementation,…
A Young's-type double-slit experiment using electron beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) is demonstrated in a transmission electron microscope. Each of the slits is replaced by a grating mask with a fork dislocation, which generates electron beams with OAM as diffracted beams. Interference fringes produced b…
Here, the authors report on the occurrence, cause, and elimination of pyramidal defects in layers of GaSb grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaSb substrates. These defects are typically 3–8 nm high, 1–3 μm in diameter, and shaped like pyramids. Their occurrence in the growth of GaSb buffer layers can propagate into su…
A novel Mn-Zn ferrite round cable electromagnetic interference (EMI) suppressor with deep grooves and a secondary short circuit was constructed, realized and measured. Three steps were passed in novel suppressor development: from developing a suitable magnetic material, to constructing a suppressor device, to forming…
Extruded pellets from starch-based materials have been heated and foamed under microwave radiation. The foaming mechanisms and effects of some additives on the dielectric properties of the materials have been investigated using a microwave calorimeter. A rapid increase in dielectric loss factor (ɛ″) has been found for…
Polypropylene nonwoven fabrics samples were modified using poly(2-(N,N-dimethyloamino ethyl) methacrylate) (PDAMA) and silver-containing layers. The structure of the material after modification was confirmed using scanning electron mocroscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier Transfer Infrared Spectroscop…
In this study, novel fast-curing electrically conductive adhesives were prepared from a functional epoxy, a reactive diluent, a silane coupling agent, a curing agent, and micro silver flakes. Differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, four-probe method, shear test, impact test, scannin…
Natural radioactivity in soil samples collected from different places of Bulandshahr, Hapur and Meerut city of Uttar Pradesh, India, using a low-level counting multichannel gamma-ray spectrometer system comprising an NaI(Tl) crystal. The range of (238)U, (232)Th and (40)K activity concentrations varied from 29.6 to 69…
Cu(II) ion has two sides. In one side, Cu(II) ion is an important cofactor in nearly 20 metalloenzymes and an essential micronutrient for all living systems.1 But, in other side, Cu(II) ion is one of significant metal pollutants2 and toxic to living cells if present in slightly high concentrations, causing neurodegene…
The goal of this work was to evaluate and compare the performance of different surface pre-treatments applied to aluminium single lap joints exposed to warm moisture. Four different processes were considered: 1) degreasing-roughening; 2) degreasing-roughening and phosphoric acid anodising; 3) degreasing-roughening and…
The adsorption and reaction of H2O molecule on neutral X-centered icosahedronal Al12X clusters (X = Al, Mg, Zn, Ga, Ni, Fe, B, C, Si, P) were investigated by PW91, PBE, and PWC methods. Reaction energies and reaction barriers were determined. The spin states and the doped atoms have important influences on the Al12X g…
The self-focusing characteristic of 355 nm, 3.3 ns pulses propagating through phosphate glass samples is found to significantly change during repeated exposure. The results indicate this change is related to the formation of color centers in the material as well as the generation of a transient defect population durin…
We have studied the magnetoimpedance (MI) response of near-zero magnetostriction (Co$_{0.95}$Fe$_{0.05}$)$_{75}$Si$_{10}$B$_{15}$(Co-based) amorphous ribbons (0.50 mm wide, 32$\mu$m thick), thermally treated by current annealing, for different dc current of intensity varying from 440–680 mA during 5 min, was investiga…
Four series of monosubstituted methyl α-D-glucopyranoside hydroxyalkyl ethers were prepared and their thermotropic and lyotropic self-organising properties were investigated in terms of the hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance with respect to their molecular structures. The results obtained lead us to a new understanding o…
Magnetic chitosan microspheres (MCMS) and thionine were incorporated in a modified electrode for the simultaneous sensitive determination of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). Due to the unique properties of the MCMS and the electron mediation of thionine, this modified electrode showed excellent electrocatalytic oxida…
Form-stable resorbable networks are prepared by gamma irradiating trimethylene carbonate (TMC)- and ε-caprolactone (CL)-based (co)polymer films. To evaluate their suitability for biomedical applications, their physical properties and erosion behavior are investigated. Homopolymer and copolymer networks that are amorph…
Abstract Perfluorocyclobutyl (PFCB) polymers are a new class of materials that show promise as selective layer materials in the development of composite membranes for gas separations, such as carbon dioxide/methane (αpure gas = 38.6) and oxygen/nitrogen (αpure gas = 4.8) separations. In many of the flat sheet applicat…
The selective control of pathogenic bacteria is an ongoing challenge. A strategy is proposed that combines targeted binding of the bacterium, using antibodies, with their photoactivated oxidative destruction. Photoactive colloidal TiO2 was first derivatized with E. coli antibodies (EA-TiO2). When mixtures of the organ…
Due to ac loss in superconducting materials, high cryogenic costs are inevitable when superconducting devices are operated in ac power networks. Thus, dc electric power networks would be regarded as a better choice for the operation of superconducting devices. In order to develop superconducting devices for a dc netwo…
Nucleus and spiral growth mechanisms of N-face GaN(0001) were studied in selective-area metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. An almost step-free N-face GaN surface is obtained by nucleus growth within a selective area without screw-type dislocations, while growth spirals are induced by the spiral growth mode when screw-t…