Materials Literature
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The diffusion constant of water through transcrystalline surface layers on isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) is reported. A suitable experimental technique was developed, based on sorption or desorption measurements. The accompanying change in sample weight is detected by the corresponding change in mechanical resonance…
By applying a rigorous formalism, the grand distribution function of very small systems of hard spheres is obtained. The hard sphere freezing transition appears as two peaks of this function. The formalism requires input of the available volume, i.e., the configurationally averaged volume of a system that is available…
The surface properties of amorphous carbon ( $a\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{C}$) are studied using first-principles electronic structure methods. The effect of nitrogen doping near the surface and, in particular, the effect of nitrogen on the work function is studied by doing a series of nitrogen substitutions near the surfa…
The use of confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) has recently been described for the visualization of intraparticle protein profiles during single-protein finite bath uptake experiments. By coupling of fluorescent molecules to proteins the penetration of porous media by labeled macromolecules could be detected by…
A water-swellable rubber (WSR), compatibilized by the amphiphilic graft copolymer, has been prepared by blending chlorohydrin rubber (CHR) with crosslinked polyacrylate (CPA), Poly(vinyl alcohol)-g-poly(butyl acrylate) (PVA-g-PBA), precipitated silica (PSA), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The WSR was characterized b…
Electrical failure of carbon nanotubes was investigated by obtaining I(V) data with a voltage ramp from a rope of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Noncontact scanning force microscope images were obtained before and after each I(V) curve until electrical failure of the tube resulted. Following this procedure, it was poss…
Spherical morphology BN powders have been produced in a two-step process. The first step involves drying and partial nitridation of a H3BO3/H2O aerosol at 1000 °C with an ammonia/nitrogen gas stream followed by final nitridation at 1700 °C with ammonia.
The cross-linking low-dielectric-constant polymers benzocyclobutene (BCB) and perfluorocyclobutene (PFCB) are identified as film electrets with excellent charge stability, comparable to the members of the polytetrafluoroethylene family. BCB and PFCB films can be easily prepared on substrates by spin coating. The onset…
The simultaneous regulation of mechanical properties and permeability, for a new microcapsule based on the complexation of oligochitosan and alginate, is possible through control of the reaction conditions. Specifically, the results of mechanistic study have shown that the molar mass of the polyanion influences primar…
Recent years, Prof. Cheng Kaijia raised and developed a new electron theory based on the first principles, which is called as TFDC by researchers in China. The theory clearly exponnds the important role of boundary conditions of electron. It has been successfully applied and some valuable results have been obtained, w…
The elastomers of polyvinyl alcohol gel were made from the polyvinyl alcohol polymer, with boric acid added as a crosslinking agent, in the mixed solvent of dimethyl sulfoxide and water. From the experimental results, the viscosity of polyvinyl alcohol solution is found to increase not only with an increment of boric…
Structure and mechanical properties were studied for the binary blends of a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) (ethylene-1-hexene copolymer; density = 900 kg m−3) with narrow short chain branching distribution and a low density polyethylene (LDPE) which is characterized by the long chain branches. It was found by…
Ion exchange of Pd(II) ions into a nanostructured lyotropic liquid crystal network, followed by reduction with hydrogen gas, generates a polymer composite containing finely dispersed, catalytically active Pd nanoparticles 4−7 nm in diameter. Loss of order upon nanoparticle growth appears to be due to residual mobility…
We investigate a binary Lennard-Jones mixture with molecular dynamics simulations. We consider first a system cooled linearly in time with the cooling rate gamma. By varying gamma over almost four decades we study the influence of the cooling rate on the glass transition and on the resulting glass. We find for all inv…
We study the Mott transition in Hubbard models with a degenerate band on different 3-dimensional lattices. While for a non-degenerate band only the half-filled system may exhibit a Mott transition, with degeneracy there can be a transition for any integer filling. We analyze the filling dependence of the Mott transiti…
Magnetization hysteresis loop $M(H)$ measurements performed on a single crystalline Ba$_{0.63}$K$_{0.37}$BiO$_3$ superconducting thick film reveal pronounced sample geometry dependence of the "second magnetization peak" (SMP), i.e. a maximum in the width of $M(H)$ occurring at the field $H_{\rm SMP}(T)$. In particular…
This paper presents a review of the phenomenon of interlayer exchange coupling in magnetic multilayers. The emphasis is put on a pedagogical presentation of the mechanism of the phenomenon, which has been successfully explained in terms of a spin-dependent quantum confinement effect. The theoretical predictions are di…
We describe how density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) can be used to solve the full-CI problem in quantum chemistry. As an illustration of the potential of this method, we apply it to a paramagnetic molecule. In particular, we show the effect of various basis set, the scaling as the fourth power of the size of t…
We report a high-yield route to two-dimensional arrays (<400×400 μm2) of aligned C49Nx (x⩽1) nanofibers (<100 nm o.d.; <60 μm length), by pyrolyzing mixtures of ferrocene and melamine at 950–1050 °C under an Ar flow. The fibers exhibit unusual interlinked stacked-cone morphologies, ascribed to the…
Influence of oxygen pressure on the epitaxy, surface morphology, and optoelectronic properties has been studied in the case of ZnO thin films grown on sapphire (0001) by pulsed-laser deposition. Results of Rutherford backscattering and ion channeling in conjunction with atomic force microscopy clearly indicate that th…