Materials Literature
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The strength and fracture of a directionally solidified Y 3 Al 5 O 12 /Al 2 O 3 eutectic fiber were investigated. The fiber was grown continuously by an edge‐defined film‐fed growth technique. The microstructure was characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy‐dispersive spectroscopy…
The magnitude of local stress applied to a polymer surface in the buffing process, which is a critical method to uniformly align liquid crystals for displays, has been evaluated from the polarizing optical microscopic investigation of nematic liquid crystals in contact with polyimide surfaces which were suitably buffe…
We report the formation of highly oriented rutile titanium dioxide films. Films of a primarily amorphous nature were grown on fused silica by rf reactive sputter deposition using a Ti target and rare gas (Ne or Ar)-O2 discharges. Post-deposition annealing was done at 350–1150 °C in air for 60 minute intervals, followe…
Crystallographic orientation and microstructural changes of ZnO thin films deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering were investigated with changing deposition parameters. Positional dependence of texture orientation and microstructural features, which might be attributed primarily to bombardment of high energetic oxygen s…
The quest for coordination complexes with novel magnetic properties, which may have potentially useful applications in materials science, has focussed attention on superexchange bridges with the ability to propagate ferromagnetic coupling between paramagnetic transition metal centers. The flexi-dentate azide ligand ca…
The initial stages of Cu growth (up to 20 Å) on ordered Al2O3 ultrathin films (∼20 Å thick) synthesized on a Re(0001) substrate are studied by low-energy ion scattering (LEIS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). LEIS results indicate that Cu grows as three-dimensional clusters on the Al2O3 films at both 80 and…
Backscattered electron Kikuchi patterns (BEKP) suitable for crystallographic phase analysis can be collected in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) with a newly developed charge coupled device (CCD) based detector. Crystallographic phase identification using BEKP in the SEM is unique in that it permits high magnifi…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Engine dynamometer testing of homogeneous charge, spark ignition lean burn engines fueled by natural gas, hydrogen/natural gas blends and neat hydrogen was conducted to determine if NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from blended fuel operation can be reduced below those generat…
Natural-fibre-mat-reinforced thermoplastics (NMTs) based on flax fibres and a polypropylene (PP) matrix were manufactured using a film-stacking method. The influence of fibre content on stiffness and strength is reported and compared with data for glass-matreinforced-thermoplastics (GMTs), including the influence of i…
Gold surfaces coated with monolayers of alkyl thiols are significant in the field of biosensors and chromatography. There is a general concern about the quality of coatings in terms of surface density and voids. The self-assembly of the short-chain hexane (C 6 ) thiol and long-chain dodecane (C 12 ) and hexadecane (C…
Abstract The LO and TO phonon frequencies and dampings have been measured by near‐infrared Raman spectroscopy both in bulk GaAs and InP. The phonon damping of the LO phonon in InP is much smaller than the LO phonon damping in GaAs. The experimentally obtained temperature dependences were compared with a theory includi…
We report first- and higher-order Raman scattering from the surface and confined optic phonons in ${\mathrm{CdS}}_{0.65}$${\mathrm{Se}}_{0.35}$ and pure CdS nanoparticles embedded in glass matrix. The average particle sizes and size distribution have been estimated from the quantitative comparison of the blue-shifted…
Abstract We describe the preparation of telechelic OH‐terminated poly[( R )‐3‐hydroxybutyric acid] (PHB) and poly{[( R )‐3‐hydroxybutyric acid]‐ co ‐[( R )‐3‐hydroxyvaleric acid]} (PHB/HV), on a semi‐preparative scale, by a transesterification procedure from the high‐molecular weight polymers. The oligomers have well‐…
We have attempted to clarify the effects of low and high levels of mechanical agitation on the cellulolytic activity of a pure endoglucanase ( EG ) and a total cellulase mixture (TC) on scoured and bleached cotton fabric, along with the effect of EG pretreatment on subsequent treatments with TC. Methods used to follow…
A plastic columnar discotic phase is reported for an asymmetrically substituted triphenylene. It is characterized by a three-dimensional crystal-like registry of ordered columns in a hexagonal lattice while the disc molecules within the columns are able to rotate. At the phase transition from the normal discotic hexag…
The distribution of thermophilic marine sulfate reducers in produced oil reservoir waters from the Gullfaks oil field in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea was investigated by using enrichment cultures and genus-specific fluorescent antibodies produced against the genera Archaeoglobus, Desulfotomaculum, and Thermod…
The polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthase gene of the bacterium Alcaligenes eutrophus was used to construct a yeast plasmid which enabled expression of the functional synthase enzyme in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Cells transformed with the synthase plasmid accumulated up to 0.5% of cell dry weight as PHB, with accumulatio…
This paper concerns a revision of some Achnanthes subsection Achnanthidium or genus Achnanthidium species, common on sand grains in freshwaters. The taxonomy of the species required a scanning electronmicroscopy study of new and old material and examination of some type material. The SEM study has provided illustratio…
Single crystal MnO(100) substrates can be selectively oxidized to produce Mn2O3- and Mn3O4-like surfaces under mild oxidation/reduction conditions readily accessed under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV). MnO(100) yields a characteristic Mn 2p x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) satellite structure and appropriate O/Mn concen…
Abstract A new processing system for the extrusion of microcellular polymer sheets is presented. Specifically, the detailed design of a shaping and cell growth control system is discussed in the context of an overall extrusion system design with particular emphasis on the system level functional requirements of cell n…