Materials in Today's World
This text is an introduction to materials for non-majors. It covers metals, ceramics, polymers, semiconductors, glasses, superconductors, and fibers. There are many draw- ings and photos, but no exercises.
Materials Literature
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Compositional separation in Co-Mn magnetic thin films
The compositional distribution in fcc Co-Mn magnetic thin films was studied in order to examine the possibility of a compositional separation, similar to that observed previously in hcp Co-Cr thin film magnetic recording media, occurring in an fcc alloy system. Spin-echo 59Co NMR study of Co75Mn25 films revealed a cha…
Phosphorescence from tungsten clusters during laser-assisted chemical-vapor deposition of tungsten
Phosphorescent light emission was investigated upon irradiation of WF6/H2/noble gas (Ar, Kr, Ne, Xe) mixtures by ArF excimer laser. The continuous, broadband phosphorescence emission originates from excited tungsten clusters. The phosphorescence ceased with increased Xe and H2 concentrations. Xe inhibits the formation…
Formation of PbZrO 3 by Transformation of Cubic ZrO 2 Solid Solution
Metastable ZrO 2 solid soutions containing up to 50 mol% PbO are formed at low temperatures from amorphous materials prepared by the hydrazine method: the tetragonal phase up to 30 mol% PbO and the cubic phase between 30 and 20 mol% PbO. The compound PbZrO 3 is formed at 615° to 690°C by transformation of c ‐ZrO 2 sol…
Corvids feeding on carrion
"Corvids feeding on carrion." Bird Study, 42(3), pp. 255–256
Fluorescent ferroelectric liquid crystalline copolyacrylates
Fluorescent liquid crystalline side chain polymers were synthesized by copolymerization of a ferroelectric monomer and 5 per cent of various blue fluorescent naphthalic imide dye comonomers. Those copolymers were characterized by DSC, X-ray, GPC and optical microscopy. In favourable cases, fast switching fluorescent f…
Analog smectic C* ferroelectric liquid crystal Fabry-Perot optical tunable filter
The first analog smectic C* ferroelectric liquid crystal tunable filter designed for the application of wavelength-division-multiplexing optical communication systems is presented. The filter demonstrated has a switching time of /spl sim/400 μs, a tuning range of 14 nm at /spl lambda/=1550 nm, and a very small inserti…
Electrical properties of PZT thin films for memory application
The development of ferroelectric memory device requires improvements in electrical characteristics such as fatigue, retention, imprint and other properties. Fatigue properties of PZT thin films were improved by using Pt/IrO2 or Ir/IrO2 used as electrodes, we reported. This report presents a study of the retention and…
Thermochemical Interactions Versus Site Competition in Grain Boundary Segregation and Embrittlement in Multicomponent Systems
Several elementary mechanisms play a role in intergranular segregation and embrittlement in multi-component systems : site competition, attractive and repulsive chemical interactions. The physical significance of these interactions, their thermodynamic modeling and validity, and the experimental evidence available for…
Spheroidal analysis of the angular distribution of Auger electrons emitted by homonuclear diatomic molecules
Procedures for calculating the angular distribution of Auger electrons emitted by homonuclear diatomic molecules are presented. The calculation is performed in prolate spheroidal coordinates. A two-center effective potential is introduced to simplify the Schr\"odinger equation for an electron moving under the influenc…
Graft copolymers of poly(methyl methacrylate) and polythiophene
Abstract 2‐(2‐Thienyl)ethyl methacrylate (2TEMA, 1 ), 2‐(3‐thienyl)ethyl methacrylate (3TEMA,2) and 2‐( N ‐pyrrolyl)ethyl methacrylate (PEMA, 3 ) were synthesized and copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) by radical initiation with AIBN. The reactivity ratios for the system MMA/2TEMA were determined to be r MMA…
Experimental determination of angular‐energy distributions of electrons backscattered by bulk gold and silicon samples
Abstract This work describes an experimental study of the backscattering of electron beams with an energy range between 20 and 100 keV. The energy distribution of electrons backscattered by bulk gold and silicon samples at different take‐off angles was determined with an original device. The different major sources of…
Mechanism of Dissimilar Metal Crevice Corrosion of Superferritic Stainless Steels
Superferritic stainless steels (SS) can suffer from dissimilar metal crevice (DMC) corrosion when part of a crevice with certain other stainless alloys. For example, UNS S44735 is attacked when part of a crevice with type 316 SS (UNS S31600) but not when part of a crevice with type 304 SS (UNS S30400). To understand t…
Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Oriented Growth of Poly(aryl ether ether ketone) on Friction-Transferred Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) Substrates
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTLiquid-Liquid Phase Separation and Oriented Growth of Poly(aryl ether ether ketone) on Friction-Transferred Poly(tetrafluoroethylene) SubstratesP. Damman, C. Fougnies, M. Dosiere, and J. C. WittmannCite this: Macromolecules 1995, 28, 24, 8272–8276Publication Date (Print):Nov…
On the Paddle -Wheel Mechanism for Cation Conduction in Lithium Sulphate
Abstract A few high-temperature sulphate phases are both plastic crystals and solid electrolytes, the latter because the hindered rotational motion of the sulphate ions enhances the mobility of the cations. This interpretation has been called the paddle-wheel model, and it is obvious that cation migration becomes a mu…
Irradiation Performance of Fast Flux Test Facility Drivers Using D9 Alloy
In comparison with the Fast Flux Test Facility Type 316 stainless steel driver design, six test assemblies employing D9 alloy in place of stainless steel for duct, cladding, and wire wrap material were irradiated to demonstrate the improved performance and lifetime capability of an advanced D9 alloy driver design. A s…
Thermal and thermoelastic properties of fast extrusion furnace (FEF) carbon black loaded SBR vulcanizates
Abstract The effect of FEF carbon black as filler on the thermal capacity c , diffusivity a , and thermal conductivity λ, of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) composites in the temperature range 300–420 K was studied. The filler strongly increases the thermal diffusivity, whilst strongly decreasing the thermal capacity a…
Nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion studies of water‐soluble gadolinium(iii)‐texaphyrin complexes
Water proton 1/T1 nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles were measured for a water-soluble gadolinium(III) texaphyrin (Gd-tex) complex as a function of temperature and in the presence and absence of 5% human serum albumin (HSA). Upon dissolving the complex in water (0.259 mM), the water relaxivity valu…
SPA-RHEED—A novel method in reflection high-energy electron diffraction with extremely high angular and energy resolution
A new instrument for spot profile analysis of reflection high-energy electron diffraction (SPA-RHEED) has been developed. The system works either in the conventional mode with a fluorescent screen or in the new high-resolution mode with a channeltron for the registration of the diffraction pattern. The unique properti…
Liquid crystalline phase transitions in cyclotriphosphazenes with different mesogenic moieties in the side chains
New cyclophosphazene derivatives incorporating five different mesogenic moieties have been synthesized and their liquid crystalline behaviour has been studied by DSC and polarizing optical microscopy. Smectic A and unclassified smectic 1 phases have been found for the first time in these cyclotriphosphazene derivative…