Materials Literature
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A series of new, kinetically stable, crystalline superlattice compounds containing integral number of intergrown dichalcogenide layers were prepared through controlled crystallization of Ti/Se/Nb/Se superlattice reactants with designed compositional modulation. Discussed in this paper is a family of structural isomers…
The kinetic aspects of polymer adsorption on surfaces are important in many practical applications. Usually, the dynamic conformational behavior of an adsorbed polymer is not measured directly but is interpreted from changes in the thickness of the layer or in the adsorbed amount. Infrared spectroscopy is now used to…
The effect of the microstructure of the base steel on the formation and growth behavior of intermetallics on interstitial free steel during galvanizing under various processing conditions (substrate entry temperature, Al content in galvanizing bath) was investigated from the viewpoint of the surface morphology of the…
The probability distribution functions Ps(r) of the distance r between the end points of subchains of a single excluded volume chain in two and three dimensions were studied using the bond-fluctuation model. The index s refers to three principle cases. Case s=0: the subchain is identical to the whole chain. Case s=1:…
In order to test the proposal [Stehle, T., Claiborne, A., & Schulz, G. E. (1993) Eur. J. Biochem. 211, 221-226] that the active-site His10 of NADH peroxidase functions as an essential acid-base catalyst, we have analyzed mutants in which this residue has been replaced by Gln or Ala. The k(cat) values for both H10Q and…
The rate of microwave-induced regeneration of nitrogen oxides (NO x )-saturated char was studied. A small amount of NO x -saturated char sample was placed in the microwave field, and its weight was measured as a function of time by a digital balance. The weight loss data were used to calculate the activation energy of…
Well-defined X-ray fiber patterns of l - and d -ascorbates of chitosan were obtained by immersing a tendon chitosan, prepared from a crab tendon chitin by a solid-state N -deacetylation, in respective ascorbic acid water−isopropyl alcohol solutions, and heating them at 70 °C. The crystalline unit cell of the l -ascorb…
The structural properties of the layered oxides Ba2SnO4 and Sr2SnO4 have been studied as a function of temperature by high resolution powder neutron diffraction. As a result of excellent size matching between the SnO2 and Ba2O2 layers, Ba2SnO4 adopts the tetragonal K2NiF4 structure (space group I4/mmm) and undergoes n…
It is a common practice to serve combination three-phase and single-phase loads from an unsymmetrical three-phase transformer bank and a four-wire secondary. Depending upon the loads and company standards, nine different transformer connections can be considered along with either an open four wire or a quadraplex seco…
The morphology of the oxidized form of electrodeposited polyaniline films (PANI) grown on platinum under potentiodynamic cycling has been studied by scanning force microscopy (SFM). For average film height 〈h〉 < 100 nm, the nucleation and growth of PANI without a change in the surface roughness was observed. For the r…
The present paper deals with the fouling process of calcium sulfate dihydrate on heat transfer surfaces. The crystallization of calcium sulfate showed typical asymptotic fouling curves, the asymptotic value of which was greatly influenced by the surface temperature and fluid velocity. The fouling mechanism was discuss…
Single crystals of the compounds Ba 2 MCl 7 (M = Gd−Yb, Y) can be grown from stoichiometric melts of the binary chlorides using the Bridgman technique. The crystal structure of Ba 2 ErCl 7 and Ba 2 GdCl 7 was determined by direct and Fourier methods using single crystal X-ray diffraction data [Ba 2 ErCl 7: monoclinic,…
Hot steam corrosion tests were performed on heat-treated Al coated NdFeB magnets. The results suggest that the corrosion process can be divided into different stages. Initially, Nd which diffuses across the Al coating from the Nd-rich grain boundaries of the magnet during annealing, reacts with the moisture forming ei…
Specimen preparation for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of twins in B19′ martensite in the edge-on state of polycrystalline Ti–Ni shape memory alloys was proposed utilizing the recrystallization texture of cold-drawn rod and the parent-martensite lattice correspondences. The five twinning modes, i.e. 〈011〉 Typ…
The interfacial tension and molecular alignment were studied for the interface between coexisting isotropic and nematic phases of a toluene solution of poly( n -hexyl isocyanate). A polarizing microscopic observation revealed that the nematic phase in the vicinity of the interface is aligned homogeneously, i.e., the d…
We investigated magnetic properties of Sendust flakes at high frequencies. The flakes were produced by mechanically smashing water-atomized Sendust powders in an attriter. The flakes are typically thinner than one micron and have a very high aspect ratio. A composite ferromagnetic sheet was fabricated by dispersing th…
Kinetic parameters were measured during cellulase treatment of cotton. A recent approach was used instead of the classical Michaelis–Menten equation to calculate kinetic constants relating the initial reaction rate with the enzyme concentration. The calculated parameters are discussed for two commercial cellulases wit…
The rubber industry has been using curemeters for 30 years; however, the maximum cure rate (CRMAX) at the inflection point on the cure curve was not easily measured to a high level of precision. Now a digitized cure curve can be analyzed with computer software programs to produce a maximum cure rate determination to a…
Atomistic lattice simulations are used to study SnO2 and the series of stannates ASnO3(A = Ca, Sr, Ba). Among the properties considered are crystal structure, defect chemistry and oxidative non-stoichiometry, surface structure and morphology. On the basis of our calculated defect model, we suggest a possible interpret…
The compositional ranges of Bi4V2O11 solid solutions containing trivalent cations: B, Al, Cr, Y and La have been determined by means of a phase diagram study at solidus temperatures, ca. 850 °C. At least three mechanisms for accommodating variable cation contents are required. These are nominally V → Bi, V → M, Bi → M…