Materials Literature
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Solar cells with an extremely thin light absorber were realized by wet chemical preparation on arrays of ZnO nanorods. The absorber consisted of an In2S3 layer (∼20nm thickness) and its interface region with a transparent CuSCN hole conductor. By changing the length of the nanorods (0–3.3μm) and keeping the In2S3 laye…
Under 980 nm excitation, upconversion (UC) emissions in the UV range of 270-320 nm were observed in nanocrystals Y(0.795-x)Gd(x)Yb(0.2)Tm(0.005)F(3) (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, and 0.795), which were synthesized through a hydrothermal method. These UC emissions can be assigned to the transitions of (6)I(J), (6)P(J)-->(8)S(7/…
All-solution processed, low-temperature zinc oxide nanowire network transistor fabrication on a polymer substrate was demonstrated. This simple process can produce high resolution metal electrode transistors with inorganic semiconductor nanowire active material in a fully maskless sequence, eliminating the need for li…
<div class="htmlview paragraph">Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is the dominant solution for meeting future NO<sub>x</sub> reduction regulations for heavy-duty diesel powertrains. SCR systems benefit from closed-loop control if an appropriate exhaust gas sensor were available. An ammonia sensor h…
Belt and suspenders: A supramolecular gold–copper cluster has been synthesized by Cu+-assisted self-assembly of [Au(C2Ph)2] rods and a gold–diphosphine belt, which is suspended from the Au6Cu6 core by AuAu bonds (see picture). The cluster displays strong orange luminescence on excitation at 308 nm which is more inten…
In this paper we numerically conduct micromagnetic modelling to optimize computational boundaries of magnetic thin-film elements applicable to single and double point contact spin torque nano-oscillators. Different boundary conditions have been introduced to compensate spin waves reflections at boundaries that are bas…
In this paper, we present a low cost approach to produce large-area polymer sheets with sub-wavelength nanostructures. The fabricated polymer films would have great potentials to attach to optical or solar-cell-related consumer products when anti-reflection/anti-glaring is mandatory. We employed a special electron cyc…
ZnO p-n homojunction light emitting diodes were fabricated based on p-type Sb-doped ZnO∕n-type Ga-doped ZnO thin films. Low resistivity Au∕NiO and Au∕Ti contacts were formed on top of p-type and n-type ZnO layers, respectively. Au∕NiO contacts on p-type ZnO exhibited a low specific resistivity of 7.4×10−4Ωcm2. The lig…
We report measurements of current noise in single-layer and multilayer graphene devices. In four single-layer devices, including a p-n junction, the Fano factor remains constant to within +/-10% upon varying carrier type and density, and averages between 0.35 and 0.38. The Fano factor in a multilayer device is found t…
Local inhomogeneities known as polar nanoregions (PNR) play a key role in governing the dielectric properties of relaxor ferroelectrics - a special class of material that exhibits an enormous electromechanical response and is easily polarized with an external field. Using neutron inelastic scattering methods, we show…
The spatial profiles and the dissipation characteristics of spin-wave quasi-eigenmodes are investigated in small magnetic Ni$_{81}$Fe$_{19}$ ring structures using Brillouin light scattering microscopy. It is found, that the decay constant of a mode decreases with increasing mode frequency. Indications for a contributi…
We study the scaling of two-dimensional crack roughness using large scale beam lattice systems. Our results indicate that the crack roughness obtained using beam lattice systems does not exhibit anomalous scaling in sharp contrast to the simulation results obtained using scalar fuse lattices. The local and global roug…
The impact of radiofrequency (rf) currents on the direct current (dc) driven switching dynamics in current-perpendicular-to-plane nanoscale spin valves is demonstrated. The rf currents dramatically alter the dc driven free layer magnetization reversal dynamics as well as the dc switching level. This occurs when the fr…
The dielectric properties of metallic nanoclusters in the presence of an applied electromagnetic field are investigated using the non-local linear response theory. In the quantum limit we find a nontrivial dependence of the induced field and charge distributions on the spatial separation between the clusters and on th…
Superconducting order parameters that are odd under exchange of time-coordinates of the electrons constituting a Cooper-pair, are potentially of great importance both conceptually and technologically. Recent experiments report that such an odd-frequency superconducting {\it bulk} state may be realized in certain heavy…
The first theoretical estimate of the shear strength of a perfect crystal was given by Frenkel [Z. Phys. 37, 572 (1926)]. He assumed that as slip occurred, two rigid atomic rows in the crystal would move over each other along a slip plane. Based on this simple model, Frenkel derived the ultimate shear strength to be a…
K(0.5)Na(0.5)NbO(3)-(KNN) based lead free materials have been found to exhibit good piezoelectric properties (d(33) approximately 250 pCN) due to the orthorhombic-tetragonal polymorphic phase transition (PPT) temperature compositionally shifted downward to near room temperature. However, associated with the PPT are is…
Octahedra in the orthorhombic perovskite structure are not rigid. The bond-length splitting at an octahedral site can be described by two degenerate vibration modes, the orthorhombic ${Q}_{2}$ and the tetragonal ${Q}_{3}$. A polar plot of $r=\ensuremath{\rho}={({Q}_{2}^{2}+{Q}_{2}^{2})}^{1/2}$ and $\ensuremath{\phi}={…
We investigate the electronic structures of some defective boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) under transverse electric fields within density-functional theory. (16,0) BNNTs with antisite, carbon substitution, single vacancy, and Stone-Wales 5775 defects are studied. Under transverse electric fields, the band gaps of the…
In recent years, palladium has proven to be a crucial component for devices ranging from nanotube field effect transistors to advanced hydrogen storage devices. In this work, I examine the phonon dispersion of fcc Pd using first-principle calculations based on density functional perturbation theory (DFPT). While sever…