Materials Literature
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The incommensurately modulated scheelite-like KSm(MoO(4))(2) structure has been refined in the monoclinic superspace group I2/b(alphabeta0)00 by the Rietveld method on the basis of synchrotron radiation powder diffraction data. The systematic broadening of satellite reflections has been accounted for by applying aniso…
The well known 36 distinguishable transformations between adjacent kaolin layers are split into 20 energetically distinguishable transformations (EDT) and 16 enantiomorphic transformations, hereafter denoted EDT*. For infinitesimal energy contribution of interactions between non-adjacent layers, the lowest-energy mode…
Spectroscopic Mueller polarimetry may provide a useful alternative to standard spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) for the dimensional characterization of periodic structures, as it provides 16 quantities instead of 2 for SE. We present a detailed experimental comparison of the results provided by conventional scatteromet…
Utilizing self-assembly to create supramolecular structures is an active area at this time. Hybrid materials created by blending or doping, e.g., organic/inorganic or donor/acceptor complexes are of great interest in the design of novel materials systems. The effect of mixing of any two self-assembling molecules to mo…
A simplified and novel kinetic model was first developed by way of characterization of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and the weight-loss method for PMMA decomposition under a microwave assisted digestion system. By Newton's method, the experimental results of the remaining weig…
For hydrophilic organic solids, it is well recognized that degradation is often promoted by exposure to humid conditions. Although this is an important issue for certain classes of materials, in particular pharmaceuticals, the factors which dictate the sensitivity of a given compound to moisture are not well understoo…
In the present study, the Zn x Mn 1 - x Fe 2 O 4 series of ferrites, where x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9, are prepared by the citrate precursor technique. One set of samples is subjected to the normal pressing technique and the other to the hot-pressing technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microsc…
There has been a substantial increase in the research and development of optical metrology techniques as applied to linewidth and overlay metrology for semiconductor manufacturing. Much of this activity has been in advancing scatterometry applications for metrology. In recent years we have been developing a related te…
Superelasticity, a unique property of shape memory alloys (SMAs), allows the material to recover after withstanding large deformations. This recovery takes place without any residual strains, while dissipating a considerable amount of energy. This property makes SMAs particularly suitable for applications in vibration…
The overlay metrology budget is typically 1/10 of the overlay control budget resulting in overlay metrology total measurement uncertainty requirements of 0.57 nm for the most challenging use cases of the 32nm technology generation. Theoretical considerations show that overlay technology based on differential signal sc…
Porous semiconductor compound nanoparticles have been prepared by a new technique utilizing electronic excitation. The porous structures are formed in GaSb particles, when vacancies are efficiently introduced by electronic excitation and the particle size is large enough to confine the vacancy clusters. The capture cr…
Electron beam-induced contamination is one of the most bothersome problems encountered in the use of the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Even in "clean-vacuum" instruments it is possible that the image gradually darkens because a polymerized hydrocarbon layer with low secondary electron yield is deposited. This co…
Resolution enhancement in advanced optical lithography will reach a new plateau of complexity at the 32 nm design rule manufacturing node. In order to circumvent the fundamental optical resolution limitations, ultra low k<sub>1</sub> printing processes are being adopted, which typically involve multiple exposure steps…
Vacancy defects in ZnO induced by electron irradiation were characterized by the Doppler broadening of annihilation radiation measurements together with the local density approximation calculations. Zinc vacancies $({V}_{\mathrm{Zn}})$ are responsible for positron trapping in the as-irradiated state. These are anneale…
We report the preparation and characterization of multifunctional AuFe alloy nanoparticles of three compositions, Au0.25Fe0.75, Au0.5Fe0.5, and Au0.75Fe0.25, by a polyol process. It is found that the fusion of the two elements into one nanostructure entity retains the optical and magnetic properties of the individual…
Bismuth-tellurium intermetallic compounds have proven to be one of the best thermoelectric materials with the highest figure of merit and have proven to be very useful for devices operating at room temperature. Here, we report that the Bi 2 Te 3 intermetallic compounds with novel hierarchical nanostructures can be suc…
The syntheses, crystal structures, and magnetochemical characterization of five new iron clusters [Fe5O2(O2CPh)7(edte)(H2O)] (1), [Fe6O2(O2CBut)8(edteH)2] (2), [Fe12O4(OH)2(O2CMe)6(edte)4(H2O)2](ClO4)4 (3), [Fe12O4(OH)8(edte)4(H2O)2](ClO4)4 (4), and [Fe12O4(OH)8(edte)4(H2O)2](NO3)4 (5) (edteH4= N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-hy…
The molecular dynamics of three dipole functionalized hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes have been studied using site-specific NMR techniques and dielectric spectroscopy as a function of temperature and pressure. These probes (i) suggest that the thermodynamic state completely controls the dynamic response, (ii) clarify the…
The structure of the thermoelectric lamellar misfit cobalt oxide [Ca(2)CoO(3)][CoO(2)](1.62) was refined again using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. A new commensurate intrinsic modulation was observed involving a modulation vector orthogonal to the misfit direction ((2/3),0,-(1/3)). The five-dimensional supers…
The nucleation and growth mechanism of nanometer size gold onto gold sulfide colloidal particles by irradiation-induced reduction is reported. The process is characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, electronic diffraction, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, allowing for observation of seve…