Materials Literature
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As an introduction to this new section, I am honored to have Shawn Cowper, MD, review several studies1-4 from recent nondermatopathology literature that used a variety of approaches to examine whether a causal relationship exists between gadolinium (Gd) and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). With many hospitals and…
The structure of a seven oxide aluminoborosilicate simplified nuclear glass, bearing a high amount of neodymium or lanthanum oxide (16 wt%), alkali and alkaline earth cations is studied. Nd3+ or La3+ are supposed to simulate the trivalent lanthanides and minor actinides present in nuclear wastes. In the studied glass…
To survey new method for controlling thermal expansion of glass-ceramic material, we studied the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the microstructure of β-spodumene glass-ceramics. We found that the CTE of the β-spodumene glass-ceramics is remarkably reduced by introducing interstices at the boundary between…
This paper considers a rigorous thermodynamic approach that can be used for calculating a variety of glass properties and the content of various structural units in glasses. Since both the properties and the structure are calculated on a unified basis, this approach enables the structureproperty relationship in glasse…
First-principles-based methods are used to determine the response of polarization to epitaxial strain in films made of $\mathrm{Ba}\mathrm{Ti}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (BT) and $\mathrm{Pb}({\mathrm{Zr}}_{0.5}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{0.5}){\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (PZT). Unlike in BT films, the strength of this response as well as its sign dra…
Er3+ doped BaTi2O5 spherical glasses were prepared using a containerless processing with an aerodynamic levitation furnace. These glasses were found to have high solubility of Er3+ and the substitution ratio of Er3+ for Ba2+ reached 30 %. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements revealed that the glass transitio…
Stress-induced martensite variant reorientation in magnetic shape memory Ni?Mn?Ga single crystal was studied in?situ by the neutron diffraction technique. Principles of determination of individual tetragonal martensitic variants in shape memory alloys are explained. Using neutron diffraction we show that the macroscop…
A constitutive model is proposed to investigate the strengthening mechanism and the relationship between nanostructures and effective mechanical properties of the aluminum-based amorphous nanocomposites. A continuum micromechanics-based, three-phase composite model comprises of Al particles, rare-earth enriched interl…
Photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass belongs to a class of photosensitive multicomponent silicate glasses which demonstrate photo-thermo-induced precipitation of a crystalline phase. Photo-induced crystallization of sodium fluoride results in refractive index variations in exposed areas of PTR glass which was successfu…
Opened hollow microspheres of organoclays were prepared via spray drying the suspension of modified Na + −montmorillonite (Na + -MMT) with alkylsulfonate. The microstructure and thermal properties of these opened hollow spheres were characterized by means of wide-angle X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electr…
Stress-free and homogeneous samples of nitrogen-expanded austenite, a defect-rich f.c.c. structure with a high interstitial nitrogen occupancy (between 0.36 and 0.61), have been studied using X-ray powder diffraction and Debye simulations. The simulations confirm the presence of deformation stacking faults in the stru…
Abstract Ferrocene‐containing porphyrinoids have been synthesized in which ferrocene‐1,1′‐diyl units are linked to a dipyrrin or thiatripyrrin to form macrocyclic structures. NMR spectroscopic evidence shows that these new systems adopt helical conformations that undergo an inversion process in solution. In addition,…
A generic electrochemical approach has been employed to synthesize, fabricate, and characterize 2-D/3-D nanorod/nanowire bundles of semiconducting/magnetic Fe[TCNQ] 2 (H 2 O) 2 material. The redox-based TCNQ/Fe[TCNQ] 2 (H 2 O) 2 solid−solid phase transformation utilizes the one-electron reduction of TCNQ-modified elec…
The static second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties on a series of two-dimensional A−π−D−π−A carbazole-cored chromophores were investigated by density functional theory (DFT). The carbazole heterocycles can be viewed as auxiliary donors in these compounds. It is found that the first hyperpolarizabilities of the…
Natural fiber reinforced polypropylene composites (NF/PP) have attracted a lot of attention because of their light weight, good mechanical properties, recyclable and environmental friendly features. This work has successfully fabricated ramie fiber reinforced polypropylene composites (RF/PP) with a hybrid method of me…
A new nanoenzyme model with glutathione peroxidase-like active site was constructed on polystyrene nanoparticle (PN1) via microemulsion polymerization. In this model system, two functional monomers were designed: one is a tellurium-containing compound that was introduced on the surface of the nanoparticle and acts as…
Changes in the crystalline structure during heating of melt-drawn ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylenes (UHMW-PEs) having different molecular characteristics were analyzed by in situ wide-angle X-ray diffraction measurements. A phase transition from the orthorhombic into the hexagonal phase was observed for all sam…
Viscosity, density, thermal expansion, glass transition temperature, refractive index, molar refraction, and chemical durability of selected compositional series of Na2O-K2O-ZnO-CaOZrO2- SiO2 glasses containing 1 and 3 mol. % ZrO2 were measured and interpreted according to the network-forming / -modifying activities o…
The type, shape and distribution of carbide take directly effect on the mechanical properties of high chromium castings. Vanadium is able to stabilize the structure of carbide in high chromium cast iron, meanwhile the hardness of carbide containing vanadium can reaches about 2800HV. In some cases, vanadium can also re…
Abstract The thermodynamic framework and recent molecular descriptions of protein‐salt interactions are critically reviewed. A reanalysis of earlier and recent data describing the role of salts on the thermal stability of collagen I over a wide range of concentration evidences the complex encroachment of charge‐depend…