Materials Literature
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A range of metal thioether macrocyclic complexes has been used as templating agents in the preparation of extended multi-dimensional polyiodide arrays. A selection of unusual and intriguing polyiodides is described, and the role played by the size, shape and charge of the metal macrocyclic complex discussed.
Octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) and [2-(perfluorooctyl)ethyl]trichlorosilane (FOETS) monolayers and their mixed monolayer were polymerized on a water subphase and subsequently immobilized onto a silicon wafer surface by covalent bonding. Atomic force microscopic (AFM) observation of the mixed (OTS/FOETS) monolayer reve…
The state of the art in determining molecular crystal structures from powder diffraction data using a global optimisation method is illustrated with a fast, automated simulated annealing approach to solving the previously unknown crystal structures of capsaicin, thiothixene and promazine hydrochloride.
The use of commingled yarns is one of the more promising routes for producing structural thermoplastic composites. The textile processes available enable faster manufacturing and tailoring of the fiber architecture of preforms. Development of this technology is pushed by significant interest from, for example, the tra…
SummaryThe effects of chitosan coatings (1.0% and 2.0% w/v) in controlling the decay of strawberries and raspberries and maintaining their quality were investigated. A chitosan coating significantly reduced the decay of berries stored at 13°C and induced a significant increase of chitinase and β-l,3-glucanase activiti…
The spin density distribution in transition metal complexes is discussed in qualitative terms, taking into account the coexistence of spin delocalization and spin polarization mechanisms, with the help of numerical results for several complexes obtained from density functional calculations. The covalent character of t…
Tensile failures Fatigue Other fibre studies Textile processing and testing Case studies - clothing and domestic uses Case studies - industrial uses Fibre archaeology and textile conservation Forensic studies Textile damage in forensic investigations Medical applications.
Spring meshes have been used to model elastic material in computer graphics, with skin, textiles, and soft tissue being typical applications. A spring mesh is a system of vertices and edges, possibly with highly irregular geometry, in which each edge is a spring, and springs are connected by “pin-joints” (“gimbal-join…
Applicability of the modified Wilson model for calculating drug solubility in water-cosolvent mixtures is presented. The accuracy and predictability of the model are compared with those of other models which calculate solute solubility as a function of the solvent composition. Mean of percent deviations from experimen…
Single walled nanotubes (SWTs) can be selectively opened and filled using wet chemistry techniques; treatment of the carbon nanomaterials with concentrated HCl apparently leads to the selective opening of the SWTs at their tips; foreign materials can then be deposited inside the resulting cavities in a similar fashion…
Good quality highly mono-dispersed nanoparticles of II–VI binary chalcogenides ME (M = Zn or Cd, E = S or Se) have been prepared in a ‘one-pot’ synthesis by the thermolysis in tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO, e.g. at 200 °C for 45 min, ca. 50 Å ± 2.5 Å diameter) of the corresponding bis[methyl(n-hexyl)di-thio or -sel…
Collagen fibres form cross-helical, cross-ply or quasi-random feltworks in extensible connective tissues; strain-induced reorientation of these networks gives rise to the non-linear mechanical properties of connective tissue at finite strains. Such tissues are also generally viscoelastic (i.e. display time-dependent p…
The imaginary coefficients of the complex index of refraction of olivine, low‐Ca orthopyroxene, and high‐Ca clinopyroxene are derived as a function of iron content and wavelength over the spectral region 0.4 to 2.5 μm from reflectance spectra of powders and Hapke radiative transfer theory. Reflectance spectra as a fun…
Computer simulation techniques have been used to investigate the defect and transport properties of the zirconia (ZrO2) oxygen-ion conductor. First, a wide variety of low-valent metal ions are substituted into zirconia, and the energetics of solution investigated. Favourable dopants (on energetic grounds) have been ca…
Two strategies to improve the catalytic activity of Ti-MCM-41 materials in the epoxidation of olefins are described; the first approach involves silylation of the surface of Ti-MCM-41 which produces a very hydrophobic catalyst whereas the second approach is based on removal of water from the reaction media; the increa…
The collagens are a large and diverse family of proteins which are found in the extracellular matrix. In common with one another, the 19 known collagen types have triple-helical domains of variable length but they differ with respect to their overall size and the nature and location of their globular domains. Collagen…
Practical procedures are reported for the syntheses of amine and ester-substituted silsesquioxane frameworks with the formula R8Si8O12 with R = CH2CH2CH2NH2 (2), [CH2CH2CH2NH3]Cl (3) and CH2CH2CMe2CH2CO2Me (4); the use of 2 as a core for starburst dendrimers with R = CH2CH2CH2N(CH2CH2CO2Me)2 (5) and CH2CH2CH2N(CH2CH2C…
Heating 4,7-dihydro-4,7-ethano-2H-isoindole at 200 °C induces the retro-Diels–Alder reaction to give isoindole in essentially quantitative yield, which can be applied to a new synthesis of tetrabenzoporphyrins and monobenzoporphyrins.
Monodisperse gold–polypyrrole nanocomposites, consisting of a gold nanocrystal surrounded by a shell of polypyrrole, are shown to be stabilized by diblock copolymer micelles. Annealing thin films of the gold–polypyrrole-loaded micelles above the glass transition temperature yields compact gold particles encapsulated b…
Current topics in elastomers for biomedical applications are reviewed. Elastomeric biomaterials, such as silicones, thermoplastic elastomers, polyolefin and polydiene elastomers, poly(vinyl chloride), natural rubber, heparinized polymers, hydrogels, polypeptides elastomers and others are described. In addition biomedi…