Materials Literature
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Selective synthesis of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with specific (n,m) structures is desired for many potential applications. Current chirality control growth has only achieved at small diameter (6,5) and (7,5) nanotubes. Each (n,m) species is a distinct molecule with structure-dependent properties; theref…
Electrons in graphene behave like Dirac fermions, permitting phenomena from high-energy physics to be studied in a solid-state setting. A key question is whether or not these fermions are critically influenced by Coulomb correlations. We performed inelastic x-ray scattering experiments on crystals of graphite and appl…
Thermoelectrics are important in physics, engineering, and material science due to their useful applications and inherent theoretical difficulty, especially in strongly correlated materials. Here we reexamine the framework for calculating the thermopower, inspired by ideas of Lord Kelvin from 1854. We find an approxim…
We report a transport study of ultrathin Bi2Se3 topological insulators with thickness from one quintuple layer to six quintuple layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy. At low temperatures, the film resistance increases logarithmically with decreasing temperature, revealing an insulating ground state. The sharp increas…
While graphene is a semi-metal, a recently synthesized hydrogenated graphene called graphane is an insulator. We have probed the transformation of graphene upon hydrogenation to graphane within the framework of density functional theory. By analysing the electronic structure for 18 different hydrogen concentrations, w…
Beginning in 1973, several non-cuprate transition metal and non-transition metal oxides were discovered with superconducting transition temperatures between 10 and 30 K. Retrospectives about these discoveries in spinel structure LiTi2O4 and perovskite structure (Ba,K)(Bi,Pb)O3 are given.
We have performed single-atom magnetization curve (SAMC) measurements and inelastic scanning tunneling spectroscopy (ISTS) on individual Fe atoms on a Cu(111) surface. The SAMCs show a broad distribution of magnetic moments with $\unit[3.5]{μ_{\rm B}}$ being the mean value. ISTS reveals a magnetization excitation with…
While sources of magnetic fields - magnetic monopoles - have so far proven elusive as elementary particles, several scenarios have been proposed recently in condensed matter physics of emergent quasiparticles resembling monopoles. A particularly simple proposition pertains to spin ice on the highly frustrated pyrochlo…
Combining different materials into desired superlattice structures can produce new electronic states at the interface and the opportunity to create artificial materials with novel properties. Here we introduce a new, rather unexpected, and yet simple way to such a superlattice assembly of perovskite oxides: in the Dio…
The use of magnesium and its alloys as biodegradable metallic implant materials requires that their corrosion behavior can be controlled. We tailored the Mg release kinetics and cell adhesion properties of commercially pure Mg by chemical surface treatments in simulated body fluid, in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's cell…
The ultrafast electron relaxation dynamics of anionic and neutral Au 25 (SR) 18 nanoclusters are investigated using broad-band time-resolved optical spectroscopy. From an analysis of the wavelength-dependent transient absorption kinetics, we have obtained valuable information on the spectral features that originate fr…
Very recently, bile salt biosurfactants have been utilized extensively to disperse individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in aqueous solution with high weight fractions, as well as to sort SWNTs according to their electronic properties with the aid of ultracentrifugation. To help elucidate the role of bile…
Nanoparticle exposure is monitored by a combination of two label-free and non-invasive biosensor devices which detect cellular shape and viscoelasticity (quartz crystal microbalance), cell motility and the dynamics of epithelial cell-cell contacts (electric cell-substrate impedance sensing). With these tools we have s…
CuO nanowires with high crystalline quality are synthesized via a simple thermal oxidation method. Charge conduction on individual nanowires under a transverse electric field exhibits an intrinsic p-type semiconducting behavior. Variations in signal transducer in different chemical gas environments are measured on ind…
A new face of nanorod crystallinity: The structure of single-crystal gold nanorods is reinterpreted on the basis of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy on standing rods. The studies provided evidence for eight identical higher-index {250} lateral facets (see picture for TEM image and proposed model).
The interfacial screening charge that arises to compensate electric fields of dielectric or ferroelectric thin films is now recognized as the most important factor in determining the capacitance or polarization of ultrathin ferroelectrics. Here we investigate using aberration-corrected electron microscopy and density-…
Monolithic porous carbon film has a great potential for integrated supercapacitors due to no polymer binder, reduced macropore volume, and good adhesion between current collector and active material. It is demonstrated that continuous carbide-derived carbon (CDC) films can be synthesized on various substrates by dry e…
The spectral responsivity and the dynamic behavior of microbolometers with an integrated absorbing metamaterial are investigated. Wavelength tailoring and tuning in different microbolometers are achieved by varying the lateral extension of the absorber elements. Maximum sensitivity is tuned between 2.9 and 7.7 μm, wit…
The influence of lithium (Li) exposures on monolayer graphene grown on the silicon-terminated SiC(0001) surface is investigated using low-energy electron microscopy, photoelectron spectroscopy, and micro-low-energy electron diffraction. After Li deposition, islands or Li droplets are observed on the surface, and are f…
A novel giant surfactant possessing a well-defined hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic polymeric tail, polystyrene-(carboxylic acid-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) conjugate (PS-APOSS), has been designed and synthesized via living anionic polymerization, hydrosilylation, and thiol-ene "click" chemi…