Materials Literature
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Quantized Pancharatnam–Berry phase diffractive optics using computer-generated space-variant subwavelength dielectric grating is presented. The formation of the geometrical phase is done by discrete orientation of the local subwavelength grating. We discuss a theoretical analysis and experimentally demonstrate a quant…
Abstract We have shown recently that the use of high‐aspect‐ratio inorganic nanorods in conjunction with conjugated polymers is a route to obtaining efficient solar cells processed from solution. Here, we demonstrate that the use of binary solvent mixtures in which one of the components is a ligand for the nanocrystal…
Defects such as oxygen vacancies play a crucial role in the surface properties of transition metal oxides. By means of time-resolved, high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy, we unraveled an adsorbate-mediated diffusion mechanism of oxygen vacancies on rutile TiO2(110). Adsorbed oxygen molecules mediate vacancy…
Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors commonly comprise nanotubes lying on SiO 2 surfaces exposed to the ambient environment. It is shown here that the transistors exhibit hysteresis in their electrical characteristics because of charge trapping by water molecules around the nanotubes, including SiO 2 surface-bound…
Abstract Functional oxides are the fundamentals of smart devices. This article reviews novel nanostructures of functional oxides, including nanobelts, nanowires, nanosheets, and nanodiskettes, that have been synthesized in the authors’ laboratory. Among the group of ZnO, SnO 2 , In 2 O 3 , Ga 2 O 3 , CdO, and PbO 2 ,…
A systematic molecular dynamics study shows that the contact angle of a water droplet on graphite changes significantly as a function of the water−carbon interaction energy. Together with the observation that a linear relationship can be established between the contact angle and the water monomer binding energy on gra…
We report a simple process to solubilize high weight fraction single-wall carbon nanotubes in water by the nonspecific physical adsorption of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. The diameter distribution of nanotubes in the dispersion, measured by atomic force microscopy, showed that even at 20 mg/mL ∼63 ± 5% of single-w…
We performed electrooptical measurements in the smectic-C α * (SmC α * ) phase of the antiferroelectric liquid crystal, 4-(1-methyl-heptyloxycarbonyl)phenyl 4-octylcarbonyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate (MHPOCBC), and showed that the frequency dispersion of the second-order electrooptic response strongly depends on the ang…
Accumulated poly-b-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) was determined in lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genera Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Streptococcus. Lactobacilli were grown in MRS broth and the others were grown in Elliker broth medium. Cell biomass was obtained by centrifugation. The cell walls were lysed with sodiu…
The perovskite oxide SrFeO 3 has been investigated by high-pressure 57 Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) up to 62 GPa and 56 GPa, respectively. Magnetic ordering occurs below 134 K at 0.1 MPa and below 210 K at 15 GPa. Above 17 GPa, the magnetic ordering temperature increases markedly to abo…
The electrical and magnetic transport behaviour of composite samples of (1−x)La 0.67 Ca 0.33 MnO 3 + x Fe 3 O 4 with x = 0, 0.1%, 1% and 2% were studied in a temperature interval 10–300 K and for magnetic fields H = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 1 and 3 T. The temperature and magnetic field dependence of resistivity of composites show…
Electrical and crystallographic properties of Sn-doped In 2 O 3 (ITO) films prepared on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) webs as the roll-to-roll flexible substrates by DC magnetron sputtering were examined before and after the annealing under air. The ITO films were deposited at the substrate temperature of 100°C und…
An optimization method was developed for improving the designs of broadband linear polarization converters using a twisted nematic liquid crystal film and two uniaxial compensation films. As compared to the Poincaré Sphere approach, our optimization method takes the material dispersions into consideration and results…
The absorption spectra of the AB- and AA-stacked nanographite ribbons have several prominent peaks. They strongly depend on the edge structure, the ribbon width, the stacking sequence, and the polarization direction. The armchair ribbons quite differ from the zigzag ribbons. The frequency and the number of the absorpt…
The optical properties of quasi-one-dimensional metallic ${\mathrm{LaTiO}}_{3.41}$ are studied for the polarization along the a and b axes. With decreasing temperature modes appear along both directions suggestive for a phase transition. The broadness of these modes along the conducting axis might be due to the coupli…
We report an experimental study on the temperature dependence, from 6 K up to 300 K, of the 4.4 eV emission excited at 7.6 eV via the conversion between two different types of oxygen deficient centers in silica. The photoluminescence undergoes a thermal quenching above 50 K, its amplitude decreasing by a factor of 10,…
We report measurements of time-of-flight charge carrier mobility and thermal optical polarized microscopy on a new class of hexagonal columnar $({\ensuremath{\Phi}}_{h})$ liquid crystals (LC) self-organized from supramolecular cylinders self-assembled from acene functionalized dendrons. We discuss the temperature and…
Aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) films were deposited on glass substrates at 300°C by reactive mid-frequency (mf, 50 kHz) magnetron sputtering using dual magnetron cathodes with aluminum–zinc alloy targets. In order to keep the very high deposition rate stable in the transition region of the reactive sputtering system,…
Epitaxial ZnO films have been grown on Si (111) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy using ozone as an oxygen source. An initial deposition of a Zn layer followed by its oxidation produces a superior template for the subsequent ZnO growth. The reflection high-energy electron diffraction measurement suggests that the i…
The measurements of sound velocity and neutron scattering in the liquid state, and DSC and XAFS measurements in the amorphous state were carried out for Ge 15 Te 85 and Ge 15 Te 85- X M X (M = Ag, Cu and In) to investigate the correlation between the glass forming ability and local structure in the liquid and amorphou…