Materials Literature
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Typical experimental data of polarization fatigue in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 thin films have been presented: (1) The coercive voltage Vc and the shape of the polarization-electric (P-E) hysteresis loop unnecessarily change with the number N of fatigue cycles except the remanent polarization; (2) the capacitance at voltages close…
A ZnO thin-film transistor (TFT) with a channel layer formed via aqueous solution-growth at low temperature is demonstrated. This ZnO thin-film semiconductor has a well-controlled crystalline form, exhibiting n-channel, enhancement-mode behavior with a channel mobility as large as 0.56 cm2 V−1 s−1. Low-cost, superior…
We describe a versatile three gun magnetron sputtering system with a custom made sample holder for in situ electrical resistance measurements, both during film growth and ambient changes on film electrical properties. The sample holder allows for the preparation of patterned thin film structures, using up to five diff…
Stoichiometric reaction of [ Sm(Tp(Me2))2 ], 1, with a variety of reducible ketone- and quinone-type substrates gave thermally stable, isolable radical anions/ketyls in moderate to good yields. Thus reaction with benzophenone gave [Sm(Tp(Me2))2(OCPh2)], 2, with fluorenone [Sm(Tp(Me2))2(eta1-OC13H8)], 3, and di-tert-bu…
Ultracapacitors are becoming widely accepted in the energy storage industry in both standalone and in combination with batteries. Standalone applications, once niche, are now rapidly expanding as the technical and economic benefits of this power dense component become more widely understood. Combination examples conti…
Abstract The 3‐electrode configuration is commonly applied to quantify the overpotential of anodes or cathodes in solid‐oxide fuel cells (SOFC). In this type of set‐up, a reference electrode (RE) is used to isolate the potential loss of one electrode from that of the entire cell; however, erroneous results can be obta…
Low temperature cathodoluminescence and temperature dependent time resolved photoluminescence are used to investigate the emission properties of ZnO nanowires grown by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy. Low temperature cathodoluminescence images show that the emission process is more efficient in ZnO nanowires than in…
We have characterized for the first time in situ the growth of vanadium dioxide nanoparticulate films prepared by pulsed-laser deposition, using a five-circle x-ray diffractometer, in order to provide structural information as the films are grown. A vanadium metal target was ablated in the presence of a pulsed N2O rea…
The effect of the angle between the vibration direction and the oriented direction on high-power characteristics was investigated for <001>-textured SrBi 2 Nb 2 O 9 (SBN) ceramics in the longitudinal mode (33 mode). Specimens with their long side formed at angles of 90 and 45° to the <001>-oriented direction were fabr…
Dendrimers are three dimensional nanosized synthetic molecules that have internal cavities and numerous surface groups. In recent times they have received increased attention in sensing applications. For dendrimers to be used as sensors, they most commonly require functionalization at their surface. This is because th…
Sodium niobate (NaNbO 3 , NN) thin films were deposited on (001)SrRuO 3 /Pt/MgO substrates by rf magnetron sputter deposition. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the sputtered NN thin films showed epitaxial growth with a (001)-oriented perovskite structure. From the reciprocal space maps, the lattice parameters of…
Due to its excellent spatial resolution, fast and reliable performance, cost and wide availability, ultrasound should be considered the imaging modality of choice for many applications including molecular imaging. However, ultrasound imaging cannot image molecular content of tissue due to trade-off between spatial res…
We performed Monte Carlo simulation of helium (He) ion induced secondary electron (SE) emission in order to compare the secondary electron image characteristics between He and gallium (Ga) scanning ion microscopes (SIM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). For 10-50 keV He ion bombardment SE yield increases gradual…
A product isotope effect (PIE) of 1.0 was obtained from the ratio of the yields of [6- 1 H]-uridine 5‘-monophosphate (50%) and [6- 2 H]-uridine 5‘-monophosphate (50%) from the decarboxylation of orotidine 5‘-monophosphate ( OMP ) in 50/50 (v/v) H 2 O/D 2 O catalyzed by orotidine 5‘-monophosphate decarboxylase. This un…
The nucleation and growth of Ti2AlN thin films on MgO(111) substrates during dual direct current reactive magnetron cosputtering from Ti and Al targets in an Ar∕N2 atmosphere at a substrate temperature of 690 °C have been investigated. Time and thickness dependent in situ specular x-ray reflectivity and x-ray diffract…
In response to the demand for multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) with stable capacitance in a wide temperature range, a material with high Curie temperature ( T c ) has recently been being developed. In this study, we investigated the effects of microstructure on the T c for the BaTiO 3 –Ho 2 O 3 –MgO–SiO 2 system…
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Zn Ga 2 O 4 nanowires were grown via a low-pressure chemical vapor deposition method, and the electrical transport properties of these nanowires were investigated. It was found that the current across individual nanowires was several picoamperes at a bias of 30V, and the current was insensitive to oxygen and temperatu…
The synthesis of silicone polyesteramides was successfully performed in bulk at 70 °C via a biocatalytic route. Immobilized Candida antartica Lipase B (Novozym 435, N435) was used as catalyst under mild conditions to perform the polycondensation reaction using various feed mole ratios of diethyl adipate (DEA), 1,8-oct…
Gadolinium (Gd) has been identified as a possible causative agent of an emerging cutaneous and systemic fibrosing disorder, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF), which can cause serious disability and even death. To date, there are only two known associations with this disorder--renal insufficiency and Gd enhanced magn…