Materials Literature
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Using density functional methods we calculated structural and electronic properties of bulk chloroform and bromoform intercalated C60, C60 2CHX3 (X=Cl,Br). Both compounds are narrow band insulator materials with a gap between valence and conduction bands larger than 1 eV. The calculated widths of the valence and condu…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTUnique Morphology of Poly(ethylene succinate)/Poly(ethylene oxide) BlendsZhaobin Qiu, Takayuki Ikehara, and Toshio NishiView Author Information Department of Applied Physics, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Ho…
The solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a simple electrochemical device that operates at 1000°C, and is capable of converting the chemical energy in natural gas fuel to AC electric power at approximately 45% efficiency (net AC/LHV) when operating in a system at atmospheric pressure. Since the SOFC exhaust gas has a temper…
The magnetoconductive properties of ultrathin Pb films deposited on Si(111) are measured and compared with density-functional electronic band-structure calculations on two-dimensional, free-standing, 1 to 8 monolayers thick Pb(111) slabs. A description with free-standing slabs is possible because it turned out that th…
The role of defects in the adsorption of aliphatic alcohols on TiO 2 (110) was studied by means of TPRS and XPS. Point defects (oxygen vacancies) were created by electron bombardment in order to minimize the structural damage inflicted to the surface. Ethanol, n -propanol, and 2-propanol adsorbed dissociatively on the…
Nanocasting, the 3D-transformation of self-assembled organic nanostructures into hollow inorganic replicas under preservation of fine structural details has recently turned out to be a versatile tool, both for the synthesis of porous media with new pore topology as well as for the characterization of the assembled str…
Order-disorder phase transition in Ni$_{2+x}Mn_{1-x}$Ga Heusler alloys has been studied. It was found that the $L2_1 \to B2^{\prime}$ phase transition in Ni2+xMn1-xGa (x = 0.16 - 0.20) Heusler alloys is of second order and the temperature of this transition decreases with Ni excess.
A study of polycrystalline and single crystalline Ni$_{2+x}$Mn$_{1-x}$Ga alloys by means of dilatometric and strain gage techniques shows that large strain can be induced in the temperature range of the martensitic transformation by application of an external magnetic field. The biggest strain induced by magnetic fiel…
A realistic theory of the quantum paraelectric - ferroelectric transition is presented, involving parameters determined from band calculations and a renormalization group treatment of critical fluctuations. The effects of reduced dimensionality and deviations from cubic symmetry are determined. Expressions for the pre…
BACKGROUND: We previously demonstrated the successful tissue engineering and implantation of functioning autologous heart valves based on vascular-derived cells. Human marrow stromal cells (MSC) exhibit the potential to differentiate into multiple cell-lineages and can be easily obtained clinically. The feasibility of…
A novel three-step assembly pathway is reported for the formation of a mesostructured alumina with framework pore walls made of crystalline, lathlike gamma-Al(2)O(3) nanoparticles. In the initial supramolecular assembly step of the pathway a mesostructured alumina with a wormhole framework morphology and amorphous por…
PbSe nanocrystal colloids exhibit a well-defined excitonic structure with the lowest energy exciton tuning from 0.5 to 1 eV, as a function of size. Band-edge fluorescence is observed from 1.2 to 2 μm with a small Stokes shift, sub-μs lifetime, and near-unity quantum yield. Upon pumping at 1.064 μm, the first exciton d…
For years scientists turned to the CRC Handbook of Laser Science & Technology for reliable data on optical materials. Out of print for several years, that standard-setting work now has a successor: the Handbook of Optical Materials.This new handbook is an authoritative compilation of the physical properties of materia…
In response to recent nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) measurements on the molecular cluster $\mathrm{M}{\mathrm{n}}_{\mathrm{12}}{\mathrm{O}}_{\mathrm{12}}$ acetate, we study the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/{T}_{1}$, developing a modified spin-wave theory. Our microscopic new approach, which is distinct f…
The optical properties of anisotropic quantum dots with ellipsoidal shape are investigated and discussed as a function of the dot aspect ratio. The energy spectrum (ground and many excited states) is calculated and analyzed in comparison with the spherical quantum dot. The optical matrix elements in the dipole approxi…
Expression of Escherichia coli open reading frame yfcX is shown to be required for medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA(MCL)) formation from fatty acids in an E. coli fadB mutant. The open reading frame encodes a protein, YfcX, with significant similarity to the large subunit of multifunctional beta-oxidation…
Summary The morphology and distribution of six benthic colonial diatoms were investigated from the perspective of fractal geometry and stream ecology to test whether colonial complexity of benthic diatoms is associated with a tolerance to environmental variability, that is, if a random force, such as the unpredictabil…
The Azotobacter vinelandii phbBAC genes encode the enzymes for poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) synthesis. The phbR gene, which is located upstream of and in the opposite direction of phbBAC, encodes PhbR, a transcriptional activator which is a member of the AraC family of activators. Here we report that a mutation in…
We have considered theoretically the main properties of layered periodical structures [one-dimensional photonic band gap (PBG) structures] that include layers of so-called backward-wave material (BW), whose both permittivity and permeability are negative. Each period consists of one layer of a usual material and one l…
Using theoretical models, we undertake the first investigation into the rich behavior that emerges when binary particle mixtures are blended with microphase-separating copolymers. We isolate an example of coupled self-assembly in such materials, where the system undergoes a nanoscale ordering of the particles along wi…