Materials Literature
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We report on the up-converted ultraviolet near-band edge emission of bulk ZnO generated by visible and ultraviolet photons with energies below the band gap. This up-converted photoluminescence was observed in samples intentionally doped with Tm ions, suggesting that the energy levels introduced by the rare earth ion i…
We have investigated negative charge carrier transport in the smectic mesophases of the 2-phenylnaphthalene derivative, 6-(4'-octylphenyl)-2-dodecyloxynaphthalene (8-PNP-O12), using the time-of-flight (TOF) method. We revealed that the negative charge carrier transport in its smectic mesophases had two different mecha…
The conversion of sodium carbonate to sodium carbonate monohydrate and the subsequent growth of monohydrate crystals have been investigated by carrying out in situ measurements of particle size distribution by means of the focused beam reflectance method (FBRM). The conversion of sodium carbonate to sodium carbonate m…
A complete Raman scattering study on a lithium tetraborate single crystal is reported. The frequency and scattered intensity of Raman modes are carefully determined in the various geometrical configurations. These Raman data are then used to relate to the electro-optical and non-linear optical properties. Raman scatte…
A ferrimagnetic oxide of composition $\mathrm{Er}\mathrm{Fe}\mathrm{Mn}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}$ has been obtained by replacing half of the Mn atoms by Fe in $\mathrm{Er}{\mathrm{Mn}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}$. The crystallographic and magnetic structure have been studied by neutron powder diffraction (NPD) experiments, in complem…
Abstract Various properties of a cubic phase of SrTiO 3 perovskite containing single F centers (neutral oxygen vacancies), including energies of their formation and migration, were simulated using different formalisms of density functional theory (DFT) as implemented into CRYSTAL‐2003 and VASP computer codes. The latt…
Abstract The Mo 36 ‐polyoxometalate [Mo 36 O 108 (NO) 4 (H 2 O) 16 ] 12– reacts with Ln 3+ to give crystalline solids with 1D, 2D, and 3D polymeric frameworks, depending on the size of Ln 3+ and the reaction conditions. Reaction of LaCl 3 with (NH 4 ) 12 [Mo 36 O 108 (NO) 4 (H 2 O) 16 ] gives (H 3 O) 2 [{La(H 2 O) 5 }…
Abstract The novel heterobimetallic sodium‐bismuth‐oxo clusters [Bi 2 Na 4 O(OSiMe 3 ) 8 ] ( 1 ), [Bi 10 Na 5 O 7 (OH) 6 (OSiMe 3 ) 15 ] · 1.5C 7 H 8 ( 2· 1.5C 7 H 8 ), [Bi 15 Na 3 O 18 (OSiMe 3 ) 12 ] · C 7 H 8 ( 3· C 7 H 8 ) and [Bi 14 Na 8 O 18 (OSiMe 3 ) 14 (THF) 4 ] · C 6 H 6 ( 4· C 6 H 6 ) were prepared starting…
Three metal-organic polymers, [CoCl2(bpfp)]n 1, {[NiCl2(bpfp)2](H2O)3}n 2 and [ZnCl2(bpfp)]n 3 (bpfp = N,N'-bis(3-pyridylformyl)piperazine), are formed by the self-assembly of the flexible bpfp with MCl2 (M = Co, Ni, Zn), respectively. X-Ray single-crystal structural analysis reveals that polymer 1 exhibits a novel gr…
The synthesis of three‐dimensional (3‐D) assemblies of zirconia nanocrystals via the shape‐preserving reactive conversion of biologically reproducible, silica‐based microtemplates (diatom microshells) is demonstrated for the first time. Silica diatom microshells were first converted into magnesia replicas via an oxida…
Pb 0.97 La 0.02 ( Zr 0.65 Sn 0.22 Ti 0.13 ) O 3 ceramic was confirmed to be in an antiferroelectric (AFE) phase at T<170°C by macroscopic and microscopic studies. The electric-field-induced ferroelectric (FE) state was found to exhibit a much longer lifetime than the reasonable laboratory measuring time scale a…
Abstract This study investigated the role of layered silicate clay on morphology development in chaotic mixing of two immiscible polymers, polypropylene (PP) and polyamide 6 (PA6). The study showed that clay particles helped to produce droplets of much smaller size and with narrower size distribution due to their dire…
Conventional fixed-bed catalytic reactors have obvious disadvantages, such as maldistributions of various kinds (resulting in nonuniform access of reactants to the catalytic surface and nonoptimal local process conditions), large pressure drop over the bed, and sensitivity to fouling by dust. Due to the random and cha…
A general method to map strain with parts per million (ppm) resolution in single-crystal wafers and plates is demonstrated. An x-ray technique has been used to obtain separate maps of strain and tilt across synthetic diamond growth sectors. Data consisting of rocking curve maps obtained with a charge coupled device de…
The synthesis of L-cysteine, the major mechanism by which sulfur is incorporated into organic compounds in microorganisms, occupies a significant fraction of bacterial metabolism. In Bacillus subtilis the cysH operon, encoding several proteins involved in cysteine biosynthesis, is induced by sulfur starvation and tigh…
The structural and magnetic properties of metastable hexagonal SmFe9−yGayC compounds, with y=0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1, have been investigated by means of powder x-ray diffraction, magnetic measurements, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. After carbonation, the Rietveld analysis points out an anisotrop…
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to measure the energy discontinuity in the valence band (ΔEv) of Zn0.95Cd0.05O∕ZnO heterostructures grown by rf plasma-enhanced molecular-beam epitaxy. A value of ΔEv=0.17±0.03eV was obtained by using the Zn 2p energy level as a reference. Given the experimental band gap of 2.…
Solid state reactions of lanthanide oxide, MoO3 and SeO2 (or TeO2) at high temperature in an evacuated quartz tube lead to four new Ln-Mo-Se(Te)-O quaternary phases with four different types of structures, namely, Nd2MoSe2O10, Gd2MoSe3O12, La2MoTe3O12, and Nd2MoTe3O12. The structure of Nd2MoSe2O10 features a 3D archit…
Abstract The objectives of this paper are to study the crystallization behavior and fracture characteristics of spherical alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) nanoparticle‐filled polypropylene (PP) composites. Nanocomposites containing 1.5–5.0 wt % of the Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles (pretreated with silane coupling agent) were prepared for…
The detailed conformational change of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes at high grafting density in D2O was investigated as a function of temperature using neutron reflection. PNIPAM chains were grafted at high surface density from gold and silicon oxide surfaces by atom transfer radical polymerization. Whe…