Materials Literature
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Effects of temperature and pressure on magnetic, elastic, structural, and thermal properties of ${\mathrm{T}\mathrm{b}}_{5}{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{i}}_{2}{\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}}_{2}$ have been studied by means of macroscopic (thermal expansion and magnetization) and microscopic (neutron powder diffraction) techniques. We pr…
A general analytic expression for the Young’s modulus of a range of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) with single or multishell nanocone or cone stacked structures has been developed from continuum elastic theory. The Young’s modulus of a single-shell nanocone is found to be cos4θ of that of an equivalent single-wall carbon na…
Temperature effects on the energetics of the 90-degree partial dislocation in silicon and germanium are investigated, using non-equilibrium methods to estimate free energies, coupled with Monte Carlo simulations. Atomic interactions are described by Tersoff and EDIP interatomic potentials. Our results indicate that th…
Scalability and performance of current flash memories can be improved substantially by replacing the floating polycrystalline-silicon gate by a layer of Si dots. Here, we present both experimental and theoretical studies on ion beam synthesis of multi-dot layers consisting of Si nanocrystals (NCs) embedded in the gate…
Magnetization reversal in magnetic particles is one of the fundamental issues in magnetic data storage. Technological improvements require the understanding of dynamical magnetization reversal processes at nanosecond time scales. New strategies are needed to overcome current limitations. For example, the problem of th…
Organic salts based on dicyclohexylamine and substituted/unsubstituted cinnamic acid exhibit efficient gelation of organic fluids, including selective gelation of oil from an oil/water mixture. Among the cinnamate salts, dicyclohexylammonium 4-chlorocinnamate (1), 3-chlorocinnamate (2), 4-bromocinnamate (3), 3-bromoci…
The magnetic state in LaCoO3 changes from the low spin state (S=0) to the mixed state with a thermally excited intermediate spin state (IS) (S=1) above about 50 K. The partially filled e(g) orbital in the IS state has a nature of Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion. The cooperative JT distortion causes an orbital order. We fo…
It has been found that ring-type magnetoelectric laminate composites of circumferentially magnetized magnetostrictive TERFENOL-D and a circumferentially poled piezoelectric Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 have high sensitivity to a vortex magnetic field. At room temperature, an induced output voltage from this ring laminate exhibited a n…
High-density and uniform-sized gold particle arrays have been prepared electrochemically on anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) templates. The gold particles were used as catalysts to synthesize ZnS nanowires. The as-grown nanowires had a wurtzite single-crystal structure and were aligned perpendicularly to the AAO template.…
We observe a strong dependence of the exciton spin relaxation in CdTe quantum dots on the average dot size and the depth of the confining potential. For the excitons confined to the as-grown CdTe quantum dots we find the spin relaxation time to be 4.8 ns. After rapid thermal annealing, which increases the average dot…
It was found that high current density needed for the current-driven domain wall motion results in the Joule heating of the sample. The sample temperature, when the current-driven domain wall motion occurred, was estimated by measuring the sample resistance during the application of a pulsed-current. The sample temper…
We propose a new microscopic model for the $\{001\}$ planar defects in diamond commonly called platelets. This model is based on the formation of a metastable stacking fault, which can occur because of the ability of carbon to stabilize in different bonding configurations. In our model the core of the planar defect is…
Eukaryotes, such as fungi, can be harmful pathogen agents, and the control of their bioactivity is critical as humans are eukaryote organisms, too. Here, copper∕polymer nanocomposites are proposed as antifungal spinnable coatings with controlled copper-releasing properties. The tests of the bioactivity show that funga…
We propose new methodologies for stabilizing all-metal antiaromatic clusters like: Al$_{4}$Li$_{4}$. We demonstrate that these all-metal species can be stabilized by complexation with 3d-transition metals very similar to its organic counterpart, C$_4$H$_4$. Complexation to transition metal ions reduce the frontier orb…
Single ZnO nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) were fabricated using nanowires grown by site selective molecular-beam epitaxy. When measured in the dark at 25°C, he depletion-mode transistors exhibit good saturation behavior, a threshold voltage of ∼−3V, and a maximum transconductance…
Recent developments in the application of Raman spectroscopy to carbon-nanotube-based composite materials are reviewed. This technique may be used to identify carbon nanotubes, access their dispersion in polymers, evaluate nanotube/matrix interactions and detect polymer phase transitions. The Raman spectra of nanotube…
We use molecular dynamics simulations to analyze the role of chemical bonding between the matrix and the fiber on thermal transport in carbon nanotube organic matrix composites. We find that chemical bonding significantly reduces tube-matrix thermal boundary resistance, but at the same time decreases intrinsic tube co…
A new energy-based theory, quantized fracture mechanics (QFM), is presented that modifies continuum-based fracture mechanics; stress- and strain-based QFM analogs are also proposed. The differentials in Griffith's criterion are substituted with finite differences; the implications are remarkable. Fracture of tiny syst…
We propose a method for the tomographic reconstruction of qubit states for a general class of solid state systems in which the Hamiltonians are represented by spin operators, e.g., with Heisenberg-, $XXZ$-, or XY- type exchange interactions. We analyze the implementation of the projective operator measurements, or spi…
Phase invariants are important pieces of information about the atomic structures of crystals. There are several mathematical methods in X-ray crystallography to estimate phase invariants. The multi-wave diffraction phenomenon offers a unique opportunity of physically measuring phase invariants. In this work, the under…