Materials Literature
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The cylindrical pore structure and barrier layer of anodic films formed on magnesium which are similar to the Keller's model of anodic alumina are determined by direct cross‐sectional observation. The ratios of cell diameter and barrier layer thickness to the forming voltage are notably smaller than those associated w…
A study is made of a glass/glass‐ceramic bilayer as a model homogeneous/heterogeneous laminate. The underlying objective is microstructural design of ceramic layer systems with optimum mechanical properties, alternating hard layers, for wear resistance, with tough layers, for fracture resistance. Mica flakes in the gl…
Development of a coating material for shell eggs is important because of economic loss from shell damage and decline in interior egg quality. Studies were done to evaluate the interior quality (moisture loss, Haugh unit, and pH) and shell properties (strength, thickness, morphology, and color) of uncoated eggs and egg…
The objective of this study is to develop improved procedures for characterizing amorphous carbon films. Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize amorphous carbon thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition at temperatures between 293 and 873 K. The amount of bond-angle disorder is shown to decrease with increasing…
Several methods of chemical analysis, for example various redox titrations and thermogravimetric approaches, have been adapted to establish the oxygen content in superconducting cuprates and to determine the higher oxidation states of copper and other mixed-valent metals. The present review discusses and complements t…
The collapse transition of a single polymer chain in two and three dimensions was studied using the bond-fluctuation model. The obtained exponents ν of the scaling law 〈S2N〉∼N2ν agree with values proposed in the literature as well as above, at and below the Θ-temperature TΘ. Transition curves and scaling analysis plot…
Crystals of ribonuclease from Streptomyces aureofaciens diffract to atomic resolution at room temperature. Using synchrotron radiation and an imaging-plate scanner, X-ray data have been recorded to 1.20 A resolution from a crystal of native enzyme and to 1.15 A from a crystal of a complex with guanosine-2'-monophospha…
Abstract The main objective of this study was to show that an efficient removal of residual monomers is very important for in situ compatibilization of immiscible polymer blends by one step reactive extrusion. One‐step reactive extrusion means that when compatibilizing two immiscible polymers with one polymer containi…
Electron beam induced deposition from W(CO)6 was studied for beam energies between 2 and 20 keV and a range of exposure doses, to investigate the dependence of deposit thickness and electrical conductivity on energy and the dependence of deposit conductance on cumulative exposure dose. Larger deposited thicknesses and…
Fluorindate glasses containing 1,2,3,4 ${\mathrm{ErF}}_{3}$ mol % were prepared in a dry box under argon atmosphere. Absorption, Stokes luminescence (under visible and infrared excitation), the dependence of $^{4}$${\mathit{S}}_{3/2}$, $^{4}$${\mathit{I}}_{11/2}$, and $^{4}$${\mathit{I}}_{13/2}$ lifetimes with Er conc…
The integrated absorption cross section, the spontaneous emission probability, and the stimulated emission cross section of Yb 3+ were determined in silicate, phosphate, borate, germanate, aluminate, gallate, and ZBLAN host glasses. The compositional dependence of the stimulated emission cross section of the 2 F 5/2 →…
The structure and reactivity of Rh films supported on thesurface of a CeO2single crystal were studied using Augerelectron spectroscopy (AES) and temperature-programmeddesorption (TPD). Rhodium films deposited from the vapor phasewere found to grow via the nucleation of three-dimensionalparticles at a sample temperatur…
An on-chip aluminum interconnect carries an intense electric current at an elevated temperature, motivating atoms to diffuse in the solid state, and inducing voids that may cause an open failure. Recent observations have shown that a void sometimes collapses to a slit running nearly perpendicular to the electric curre…
Abstract This paper provides a scientific treatment for mixing of rubber with reinforcing fillers. The primary attention is given to the viscoelastic nature of rubber. It is addressed to the practitioners of rubber processing, who have hands-on experience but lack familiarity with viscoelasticity. In the first part we…
Abstract The results from four research projects on ammonia stress corrosion cracking (SCC) are provided, including the effect of oxygen and water in the ammonia, prevention of SCC with electrochemical methods, crack growth rate studies, and behavior of welds. Practical recommendations are given for construction, insp…
Two families of polypropylene hybrid composites were prepared by simultaneously compounding polypropylene at 240°C together with SEBS thermoplastic elastomers and filler particles, for example, anisotropic talc and isotropic glass beads. Addition of SEBS was compared with that of maleic-anhydride-grafted SEBS (SEBS-g-…
A solar energy absorbing and retaining fabric has been developed by incorporating a zirconium carbide compound into the core of the filaments. The resulting fabric absorbs visible and near infrared solar rays and converts them into thermal energy; it also reflects body heat. In this paper, we describe the basic solar…
The Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) and the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) are jointly conducting confirmatory, integral testing on the Westinghouse AP600 reactor transient responses by using the ROSA-V Large Scale Test Facility of JAERI. This facility, built originally to simulate…
On the basis of experimental results for the electrical breakdown field Fb in polyethylene terephthalate films, investigated previously under high hydrostatic pressure, P, from 50 to 500 bar at temperatures, T, of 35, 70, and 100 °C, the electromechanical and thermal breakdown models were used to explain variations in…
Eight pairs of carbon and stainless steel, long and short radius welding elbows were tested under conditions of steady internal pressure and in-plane, resonant dynamic moments that simulated seismic excitations. The elbows had an outside diameter of 60.3 mm and thicknesses of 3.91 and 5.54 mm. The material properties…