Materials Literature
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There is currently a great need for solid state lasers that emit in the infrared, as this is the operating wavelength regime for applications in telecommunications. Existing $π$--conjugated polymers all emit in the visible or ultraviolet, and whether or not $π$--conjugated polymers that emit in the infrared can be des…
A model based on the Peierls framework of dislocations is developed. The theory allows the study of dislocations spreading at more than one slip planes. As an example, we study dislocation cross-slip and constriction processes in two contrasting fcc metals, Al and Ag. The energetic parameters entering the model are de…
Core−shell composites and titania hollow shells have been fabricated via the layer-by-layer self-assembly approach using exfoliated unilamellar titania nanosheets Ti 1 - δ O 2 4 δ - (δ ∼ 0.09) as inorganic shell building blocks. Polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) spheres with different diameters were employed a…
Using density functional theory the ground state structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of monatomic lithium and sodium chains with low average density are investigated. A metallic, zigzag ground state structure is predicted but, most interestingly, stable equilibria for chains under tension are predicted to…
Nanoparticles bearing a strongly bound polymer coating were formed by the thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl in the presence of ammonia and polymeric dispersants. The dispersants consist of polyisobutylene, polyethylene, or polystyrene chains functionalized with tetraethylenepentamine, a short polyethyleneimi…
In this study mesoporous TiO 2 with a bicrystalline (anatase and brookite) framework was synthesized directly under high-intensity ultrasound irradiation. This was carried out separately, both with and without the use of a triblock copolymer. Without thermal treatment, mesoporous TiO 2 was formed by the agglomeration…
We report the characteristics of aminosilane-grafted mesoporous silicas as adsorbents of oxyanions in acidic conditions. Mono-, di-, and triamino-functionalized silicas were prepared to examine the influence of amino group density. The triaminosilane-grafted mesoporous silica adsorbed more chromate and arsenate than e…
Extended helical or chiral nanostructures are usually associated with biomolecules but are mostly absent in synthetic materials. Here we report the first synthesis of unusual oriented and extended helical nanostructures in synthetic ceramics. Large arrays of oriented helical ZnO nanorods and columns are formed using s…
The literature contains many references to the wide range of uses of rosin-based polymers, but little has appeared in the area of rosin-based polymers used as cream bases. Various rosin polymers based on glycerol, sorbitol, and pentaerythritol were prepared and screened for efficacy as cream bases. Among these polymer…
Biominerals are composite materials with organic and inorganic components. The organic components influence nucleation, growth, and the physical and material properties of the biomineral. Calcium minerals account for about 50% of all biominerals, and polymorphic calcium carbonate is dominant with calcite and aragonite…
We introduce an approach in which results from atomistic simulations are combined with discrete dislocation dynamics simulations of crack-tip plasticity. The method is used to study the effects of dislocation pinning due to grain boundaries or secondary particles on the fracture behavior of aluminum. We find that the…
Abstract To improve blood compatibility, acrylic acid (AAc) was grafted onto a polyethylene terephtalate (PET) film surface using lasers. The PET surface was irradiated with a CO 2 pulsed laser, and then graft copolymerization was carried out in an aqueous solution of AAc in the presence of Mohr's salt. Different tech…
One-dimensional organization of copper nanoparticles has been achieved by chemical reduction using lipid-copper hybrid nanofibers as a template; the reduction of copper ions and the resulting formation of copper clusters occurred at intervals of 2–5 nm along the nanofibers.
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First-principles calculations of \ensuremath{\beta}- and spinel-sialons $({\mathrm{Si}}_{6\ensuremath{-}z}{\mathrm{Al}}_{z}{\mathrm{O}}_{z}{\mathrm{N}}_{8\ensuremath{-}z})$ have been systematically made by a plane-wave pseudopotentials method, in order to find out atomic arrangements, bondings, and electronic structur…
Rotational (atropo-) isomers of Mn(III) meso-tetrakis(N-alkylpyridinium-2-yl)porphyrins and corresponding metal-free porphyrin ligands (where alkyl is methyl, ethyl, n-butyl, n-hexyl) and Zn(II) meso-tetrakis(N-methyl(ethyl,n-hexyl)pyridinium-2-yl)porphyrins were separated and isolated by reverse-phase HPLC. The ident…
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) ionomers containing terminal units derived from 3-sulfobenzoic acid, sodium salt (SSBA), were synthesized using metal-catalyzed melt polymerization techniques. SSBA (1.0−5.0 mol %) in the presence of sodium acetate (10 mol % compared to SSBA) served as an ideal chain-end functionaliz…
Abstract The melt rheological properties of linear low‐density polyethylene (LLDPE)/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) blends were investigated with special reference to the effect of blend ratio, temperature, shear rate, compatibilization, and dynamic vulcanization. The melt viscosity of the blends determined with a capill…
Abstract Graft copolymerization of acrylamide onto Cassia tora gum was studied in an aqueous medium using ceric ammonium nitrate‐nitric acid as the redox initiator. To optimize the reaction conditions for obtaining maximum percent grafting, the concentrations of Cassia tora gum, ceric ammonium nitrate, acrylamide, and…
Abstract D , L ‐lactide (LA) was first successfully ring‐opening polymerized in melt by Schiff base complexes K[ML] n H 2 O [M = Cu(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Ni(II); n = 2, 2, 3, 3.5; H 3 L = L ‐aspartic acid‐salicylidene Schiff base], which were prepared by Schiff base ligand derived from salicylidene and L ‐aspartic acid…