Materials Literature
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A free-energy functional for a crystal that contains both the symmetry conserved and symmetry broken parts of the direct pair correlation function is developed. To test how accurately this free-energy functional describes the symmetry breaking first-order phase transition of freezing, we use it to investigate the crys…
Acidic proteins are generally thought to control mineral formation and growth in biocalcification. Analysis of proteinaceous components in the soluble and insoluble matrix fractions of sclerites in Sinularia polydactyla indicates that aspartic acid composes about 60% of the insoluble and 29% of the soluble matrix frac…
Transformers are a major capital item and the cost of a failure is high both in direct costs and downtime. For this reason they are monitored using a variety of methods. Partial discharges in power transformers are often a predecessor of a serious fault for this reason. Partial discharge measurements are an important…
We propose to confine massless Dirac fermions in a graphene-based quantum annulus induced by an inhomogeneous magnetic field. It is found that influenced by an effective magnetic potential well the degeneracies of the relativistic Landau levels can be lifted, and the angular-momentum transitions in the ground state ca…
Photosynthetic antenna arrays found in nature funnel photoexcited energy into the reaction center. Attempts have been made to mimic the antenna function by using artificial chromophores, porphyrins in particular, not only to better understand the energy-transfer processes but also to create light-harvesting devices. T…
Abstract We prepared the PLGA‐loaded anti‐cancer drug and coated it with quantum dots to make it a dual‐function nanoparticles, and analyzed its potential use in cellular imaging and curing cancers. Two cancer cell lines, paclitaxel‐sensitive KB and paclitaxel‐resistant KB paclitaxel‐50 cervical carcinoma cells, were…
A caracterização pedológica e o entendimento das relações entre pedologia, geologia e geomorfologia são importantes para a compreensão da distribuição dos solos numa paisagem. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as relações pedomorfogeológicas na região das Chapadas Elevadas do Distrito Federal (DF), mediante caracter…
Using atomic force microscopy and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), as well as complementary dielectric measurements, the ferroelectric domain structure of single crystals of pure and ruthenium (Ru)-doped 0.9Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 (PZN)-0.1PbTiO3 (PT), and Ru/(Zn+Nb+Ti)∼0.002 was analyzed. The coexistence of tetragonal…
In the vicinity of the transition temperature between two ferroelectric states, a ferroelectric crystal could exhibit a triple hysteresis under an ac field. For a BaTiO3 with the “c-plate” configuration slightly below this temperature, the middle loop is caused by the 0°→180° domain switch in the orthorhombic phase, w…
The behavior of negative- U -centers in high electric fields was considered. It was shown that multiphonon tunnel ionization of negative- U -centers in chalcogenide glassy semiconductors results in a significant increase in the number of conduction electrons, hence, to highly nonlinear current-voltage characteristics.…
The imprint effect in ferroelectrics often hinders their performance in practical applications. Large numbers of observations have been reported on the imprint effect in inorganic ferroelectrics, while the imprint effect in ferroelectric polymers has attracted attention just in recent years. Here we reported our recen…
The crystal structure of Ag-excess fizelyite from the Van Silver mine, just north of Squamish, British Columbia, Canada, was studied on the basis of X-ray-diffraction data collected from an untwinned single crystal. The structure was refined to R 1 = 0.041 in space group P 2 1 / n , with unit-cell parameters a 19.2767…
Abstract Woven cloth can commonly be seen in daily life and also in animation. Unless prevented in some way, woven cloth usually frays at the edges. However, in computer graphics, woven cloth is typically modeled as a continuum sheet, which is not suitable for representing frays. This paper proposes a model that allow…
The problem concerning the mutual influence of two electromagnetic waves of different frequencies with the electric field vectors directed perpendicularly to each other on the charge carriers in graphene on a SiC substrate has been solved. The possibility of generating a direct component in the electric current has be…
Burkholderia sp. IS-01 capable of biosynthesizing poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [poly(3HB-co-3HV)] copolyesters with a high molar fraction of 3HV was isolated from the gut of the adult longicorn beetle, Moechotypa diphysis. The strain IS-01 was relatively tolerant to high concentrations of levulinic aci…
Kinematic convergent-beam electron diffraction (KCBED) is a technique capable of probing and solving the atomic structure of isolated nanocrystals as small as a few nanometers in diameter. The method was evaluated by solving the structure of a spinel crystal from three-dimensional diffraction data. The charge-flipping…
The magnetic properties of Bi1 − x A x FeO3 − x/2 (A is an alkaline-earth ion) solid solutions have been studied in magnetic fields of up to 140 kOe. The ferroelectric phase (space group R3c) transforms into the nonpolar pseudocubic phase at x ≈ 0.2. It is demonstrated that the substitution of alkaline-earth ions for…
Abstract The effect of low temperature recovery treatments on recrystallization kinetics during subsequent annealing was examined using a simple physically-based model. The results suggest that recovery may accelerate recrystallization in high stacking fault energy materials. Otherwise, recovery is expected to retard…
This paper reviews research works carried out on silicon quantum dots ( Si -QDs) embedded in the silicon nitride ( SiN x ) dielectric matrix films with different fabrication techniques and different characteristics. The advantages of SiN x as a dielectric compared to silicon dioxide ( SiO 2 ) for Si -QDs from a device…
Using carbon nanotubes as nanobarriers, the growth of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) on a quartz surface can be terminated. First, carbon nanotube nanobarriers were grown on a quartz surface by the gas flow-directed growth mode. Then, the SWNTs were grown on the quartz surface via the lattice-oriented growth m…