Materials Literature
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The local piezoelectric properties of relaxor ferroelectric films of solid solutions 0.9Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.1PbTiO3 were investigated by scanning force microscopy (SFM) in a piezoelectric contact mode. The piezoelectric hysteresis loops were acquired in the interior of grains of different sizes. A clear correlation bet…
Low-energy spin excitations in the molecular magnetic cluster V15 , G. Chaboussant, R. Basler, A. Sieber, S. T. Ochsenbein, A. Desmedt, R. E. Lechner, M. T. F. Telling, P. Kögerler, A. Müller, H.-U. Güdel
The Flory χ parameter is typically assumed to depend only on the temperature, T . Experimental results often require the replacement of this χ( T ) by χ eff, which depends also on the monomer volume fraction, φ, χ eff (φ, T ). Such χ eff (φ, T ) can arise from two-state models, proposed for polyetheleneoxide (PEO) and…
Abstract Isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of nylon‐46 were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The equilibrium melting enthalpy and the equilibrium melting temperature of nylon‐46 were determined to be 155.58 J/g and 307.10 °C, respectively. The isothermal crystallization process…
Dendrimers constitute a new class of macromolecules having a hyperbranched and perfectly defined structure. The attractive beauty of these nanosized compounds induces since ten years an exponential development of the number of publications devoted to this topic. Most dendrimers are purely organic compounds, but hetero…
A low nickel copper alloy commonly used in the plumbing/drainage pipelines on ships was investigated under slow strain rate conditions in air, and in solution containing 3·5%NaCl + 10%MgCl2, with and without 1% ammonia. The tests were conducted at ambient temperature (28 ± 1°C) at strain rates corresponding to a cross…
Abstract The results of studies on the toxicity of the gas products of thermal decomposition and combustion of natural and synthetic fabrics, as well as the influence of flame retardants (FR) on the emission of toxic products from fabrics are presented. Thermal decomposition and combustion were investigated according…
Fine structure in the principal OH-stretching bands of amphiboles of the tremolite-ferro-actinolite series have been examined. In samples with partly filled A sites, a broad (composite) band is observed at 3725~3680 cm -1 and is assigned to two types of configurations: (M1M1M3)-OH- A ( Na,K): T1 Si T1 Al in which Al o…
A new family of manganites, LnBaMn2O6 − γ(Ln = Nd, Sm, and Gd), is obtained by the method of topotactic reactions. In these compounds, rare-earth and barium ions are ordered, which results in a dramatic increase in the temperature of transition to the paramagnetic state. Thus, a SmBaMn2O6 compound with a disordered ar…
Potentiodynamic polarisation and impedance measurements are used to examine the corrosion behaviour of some magnesium alloys, which were previously stressed in order to establish the effects of mechanical deformation on the electrochemical reactions at the interface alloy/electrolyte. Due to the increasing demand for…
The untwisting of the helical structure of a chiral liquid crystal (CLC) in a thin plane layer exposed to an external action (temperature or field) and its dependence on the molecular adhesive forces at the layer boundaries are studied theoretically. It is shown that the critical electric (magnetic) field for complete…
The grafting of 2-vinyl-4,4-dimethylazlactone (VDM) onto electron-beam activated poly(propylene) (PP) films and fabrics and subsequent reaction of the anchored azlactone groups with various nucleophiles was investigated. Surface graft polymerization was demonstrated by FTIR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) a…
This article applies ab initio calculations at the (i) Hartree–Fock self-consistent field single determinant and (ii) configuration interaction multideterminant expansion levels to study the diagonal components of the dynamic dipoles, Δμi/Δqj with i=j, or equivalently infrared effective charges, ei*, associated with a…
The pilling behavior of polyester/viscose, polyester/viscose/Lycra®, and %100 cotton fabrics, is investigated in both normal and wet conditions. The experimental results show that the pilling tendency of fabrics in the wet state is directly related to the constituent fiber tenacity in the wet state. We also test three…
Single‐phase β′‐SiAlON (Si 6− z Al z O z N 8− z , z = 0–4.2) ceramics with porous structure have been prepared by pressureless sintering of powder mixtures of á‐Si 3 N 4 , AlN, and Al 2 O 3 of the SiAlON compositions. A solution of AlN and Al 2 O 3 into Si 3 N 4 resulted in the β′‐SiAlON, and full densification was pr…
The thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves of quartz of various origins were measured under two different conditions, (1) unannealed samples and (2) samples annealed at 500 degrees C and 900 degrees C. The different glow curves obtained were analysed using first order kinetics and glow curve deconvolution (GCD) analysis.…
Mn 0.5 Zn 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 ferrite nanoparticles (<100 nm) in SiO2 matrix have been prepared by the sol-gel method. The particle size was varied by changing the duration of heat treatment above crystallization temperature. An x-ray diffraction study indicates the presence of single-phase spinel ferrite in the sampl…
The crystal structure and magnetic properties of the La1−xBixMnO3+λ system (0⩽x⩽1;λ⩽0.08) are studied as functions of the oxygen and bismuth contents. In oxidized samples La1−xBixMnO3+λ a phase transition from a ferromagnetic state (rhombohedric phase) to a state of the spin glass type (quasitetragonal phase) is obser…
The biodegradation of PVA blends with natural polymers, such as gelatin, lignocellulosic by-products (sugar cane bagasse), as well as poly(vinyl acetate), was investigated in respirometric tests aimed at reproducing soil burial conditions. The observed behavior is discussed in terms of the influence of each blend comp…
The time and temperature evolution of intracrystalline Mg-Al exchange in synthetic MgAl 2 O 4 spinel was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction of quenched samples, with the aim of contributing to rock cooling-rate estimation. Flux-grown, homogeneous crystals (0.1 mm in size) were annealed at 1000°C and then were…