Materials Literature
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KIER has been developing the anode supported flat tubular SOFC stack for the intermediate temperature (700~800oC) operation. For this purpose, we have first fabricated anode supported flat tubular cells by the optimization between the current collecting method and the induction brazing process. After that we designed…
Partial substitution of Co atoms for Ni atoms in the Ni-based cermet anode resulted in a decrease in the anodic overvoltage and interfacial resistance between the anode and electrolyte. This effect has been confirmed for yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and scandia-stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) electrolytes. The Ni1-XCoX…
A high performance LSM/ScSZ composite cathode was prepared by a novel fabrication method where LSM/ScSZ in the form of solid particles was impregnated in a porous electrolyte layer with a thickness of approximately 5-10μm. In the proposed method, a porous ScSZ electrolyte structure is first fabricated on a dense ScSZ…
Bi-layers electrolytes have been envisioned as a solution to improve fuel efficiency of ceria based materials for solid oxide fuel cells operating at intermediate temperature, but performance could be degraded if interface reaction occurs. In the present work, interactions between Samarium Doped Ceria (SDC) and Yttria…
Factors influencing the performance degradation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) include oxide scale growth on metallic interconnects, Cr poisoning, interfacial interactions, contact losses, and cell component aging. This research was to investigate the transport and interaction mechanisms of Cr- containing species w…
This work is a part of an on-going research effort to fabricate a device consisting of an array of micro thermoelectric coolers (μTECs) for highly localized control of temperature in biological systems. A preliminary lumped 1-D parameter model was developed and numerical simulations were carried out to identify the cr…
Scandia stabilized zirconia has the highest ionic conductivity of zirconia based electrolytes. From the scandia-zirconia phase diagram 6-9 mol% scandia is cubic at room temperature, however, the cubic phase transforms to tetragonal with annealing at elevated temperatures. Increasing the scandia concentration to 10-12…
The system La0.8Sr0.2Mn1-xCoxO3+δ (LSMC) for 0{less than or equal to}x{less than or equal to}1 with x varying by 0.1 has been synthesised by the means of a robotic ink-jet printer. Characterization of the materials has been implemented to determine the non-stoichiometry, structure and composition of each sample. Raman…
A wet chemistry route to produce barium zirconate BaZrxY1-xO3- d (BZY) and barium cerium zirconate BaCe1-x-zZrxYzO3-d (BCZY) with controlled chemical structure and microstructural properties was optimized. A single phase was obtained at temperatures as low as 1100{degree sign}C for BZY and 1200 {degree sign}C for BCZY…
Mechanical integrity of the sealants in planar SOFC stacks is a key prerequisite for reliable operation. In this respect joining with metals rather than brittle glass-ceramics is considered to have advantages. Hence, as one of the joining solutions for SOFCs of planar design the reactive air brazing of the ceramic cel…
This paper presents results from a study that examined the filament distributions at needle-punched nonwoven (NPNW) geotextile/HDPE geomembrane interfaces. An advanced image analysis technique was used to observe the evolution of the filament microstructure under different boundary conditions including normal force lo…
Samarium tartrate (SmT) single crystals have been grown by gel encapsulation technique. The crystallinity of the grown crystals was confirmed by XRD technique. The dielectric constant, dielectric loss and ac conductivity was measured as a function of frequency in the range 5 kHz to 1 MHz and temperature range 20°C to…
A mean field analysis is presented for four liquid crystalline ester dimers, Dn, containing the dimethylbenzalazine mesogen, alkanedioyloxy flexible spacers from 7 to 10 carbon atoms and acetate terminal groups. The conformations of the dimers, in the RIS approximation, were generated from the known crystallographic c…
Lower temperature operation of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is highly desirable for achieving lower cost because less expensive metallic materials can be used for the complete system. Towards this goal, use of a more conducting electrolyte based on scandia-doped zirconia is a promising choice of an electrolyte. A co…
The preferential site for oxygen isotope exchange was investigated on layered films of (La2-xSrx)CoO4 (x = 0.5, 1.0) / (La0.6Sr0.4)CoO3 prepared by PLD on a polycrystalline Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95. An isotope exchange experiment was performed at 723 K in 18O enriched oxygen of 0.2 ×105 Pa. Three- dimensional imaging of Second…
The microstructure and chemical changes in the Ni-YSZ heterojunctions were studied by scanning, transmission, and high-resolution electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. It was shown that new nano-size Ni grains are formed at Ni-YSZ interface at the cell operation. The following two stage reaction mechanism was pro…
SOFC is able to attain extremely high efficiency over 70% as LHV, as gas turbine combined cycle system. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) has been developing SOFC since 1984. Based on developed technologies, now MHI is on the step of integrating SOFC power generation system. MHI has improved the components and the con…
Investigations on SOFCs using Ni-based anode supports are presented aiming at the understanding of how much oxidation such a cell can tolerate before incurring irreversible mechanical damage. The dimensional strains, elastic modulus and porosity of typical anode supports were measured as a function of the degree of ox…
The hetero-interface electrode, LaSrCoO4-d on La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-d, was examined by means of impedance analysis and steady state polarization method. The performance of the hetero-interface electrode was higher than those of LaSrCoO4-dγandγLa0.6Sr0.4CoO3-d. This is attributed to the enhancement of oxygen exchange at the h…
Compounds with the general formula La0.8Sr0.2Cu1-xMnxO3 were prepared by the citrate route. A solid solution region containing hexagonal perovskite phase, was formed when 0.6{less than or equal to}x{less than or equal to}1, in which oxygen stoichiometry in air changes from oxygen deficiency to oxygen excess with Mn do…