Materials Literature
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LaPO(4) and CePO(4) nanorods/nanowires with controlled aspect ratios have been successfully synthesized using a hydrothermal microemulsion method under mild conditions. It has been shown that the obtained LaPO(4) has a monoclinic structure, while CePO(4) exists in the hexagonal structure. Uniform nanorods/nanowires wi…
Recent studies on hard and tough biological materials have led to a concept called flaw tolerance which is defined as a state of material in which pre-existing cracks do not propagate even as the material is stretched to failure near its limiting strength. In this process, the material around the crack fails not by cr…
We present Raman scattering and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) measurements on hydrogen plasma etched single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). Interestingly, both the STM and Raman spectroscopy show that the metallic SWNTs are dramatically altered and highly defected by the plasma treatment. In addition, structural…
We report room-temperature amplified spontaneous emission and spectral narrowing at infrared wavelengths in solution-processed films made up of PbS quantum-dot nanocrystals. The results are relevant to optical amplification and lasing integrated upon a variety of substrates. The active optical medium operates at room…
Due to advances in nanotechnology, the approach to catalytic design is transitioning from trial-and-error to planned design and control. Expected advances should enable the design and construction of catalysts to increase reaction speed, yield, and catalyst durability while also reducing active species loading levels.…
Essentially atomically smooth (100) and (110) n-TiO(2) (rutile) surfaces were prepared by immersion of commercially available single-crystal wafers in 20% HF, followed by annealing at 600 degrees C in air. The obtained surfaces were stable in aqueous solutions of pH 1-13, showing no change in the surface morphology on…
Most of the approaches so far in fabricating core-shell nanoparticles (CSNs) are based on wet-chemical methods. It is usually difficult to achieve highly ordered CSN arrays on substrates from such a wet-chemical method. In this work, highly ordered indium oxide coated indium CSNs, with a structure-dependence photolumi…
The solid state structure and properties of homogeneous copolymers of propylene and 1-hexene were studied by examining melting behavior, dynamic mechanical response, and morphology primarily with atomic force microscopy, wide- (WAXS) and small-angle X-ray scattering, and tensile deformation. Chain microstructure was a…
ZnO nanowires have been synthesized on porous silicon substrates with different porosities via the vapour-liquid-solid method. The texture coefficient analysed from the XRD spectra indicates that the nanowires are more highly orientated on the appropriate porosity of porous silicon substrate than on the smooth surface…
A new method of surface modification of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (n-HA) by surface grafting reaction of l-lactic acid and ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide (LLA) was developed. Two modified HA nanoparticles were obtained: HA modified by l-lactic acid (l-HA) and HA grafting with poly(l-lactide) (PLLA; p-HA).…
Thin films of Ti1-xFexO2 (x=0 and 0.05) have been prepared on sapphire substrates by spin-on technique starting from metal organic precursors. When heat treated in air at 550 and 700 degrees C respectively, these films present pure anatase and rutile structures as shown both by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy…
A new side-to-face supramolecular array of chromophores, where a pyridyl-substituted perylene bisimide dye axially binds to two ruthenium porphyrin fragments, has been prepared by self-assembly. The array is formulated as DPyPBI[Ru(TPP)(CO)](2), where DPyPBI = N,N'-di(4-pyridyl)-1,6,7,12-tetra(4-tert-butylphenoxy)pery…
A method is presented for synthesizing core-shell structures consisting of monodisperse polystyrene latex nanospheres as cores and gold nanoparticles as shells. Use of polystyrene spheres as the core in these structures is advantageous because they are readily available commercially in a wide range of sizes, and with…
We review the sequences of structural states that can be induced in colloidal suspensions by the application of flow. Structure formation during flow is strongly affected by the delicate balance among interparticle forces, Brownian motion and hydrodynamic interactions. The resulting non-equilibrium microstructure is i…
The oxidation reaction of piranha solutions with purified HiPco carbon nanotubes was measured as a function of temperature. At high temperatures, piranha is capable of attacking existing damage sites, generating vacancies in the graphene sidewall, and consuming the oxidized vacancies to yield short, cut nanotubes. Inc…
There has been substantial renewed interest in negative thermal expansion following the discovery that cubic ZrW 2 O 8 contracts over a temperature range in excess of 1000 K. Substances of many different kinds show negative thermal expansion, especially at low temperatures. In this article we review the underlying the…
This work reports on the capability of the O2-activated Cu-ZSM-5 and Cu-MOR zeolites to selectively convert methane into methanol at a temperature of 398 K. A strong correlation between (i) the activity and (ii) the intensity of the 22 700 cm-1 UV-vis band, assigned to the bis(mu-oxo)dicopper core, is found (i) as a f…
Antireflection coatings (ARC) have been modeled and prepared experimentally for optical and electro-optical applications in the visible spectrum (0.4--0.7 m m) to reduce reflections from the surface of glass. Reflection of BK7 bare glass substrate varies from 3.5 to 6.0% over the desired spectrum. This value is reduce…
We propose a new mechanism leading to the ground state splitting for the ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{2+}$ ion in PbMnTe crystals. The splitting is due to two effects, one of which is the hybridization of $3d$ electrons with the band states and the other is the internal spin orbit interaction in ${\mathrm{Mn}}^{1+}$ and ${\mathrm{…
Two kinds of Ti-rich TiNi shape memory thin films were deposited onto monocrystal silicon substrates at room temperature and high temperature by using the magnetron-sputtering technique. Their crystallizing procedures are different from each other. The first type of film was originally amorphous and post-crystallized…