Materials Literature
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Abstract Chlorites from Cambrian basaltic vesicular lavas, characterized by relatively high X c (0.81-0.98), gave temperatures of formation of 285 to 350 ° C (Cathelineau's empirical geothermometer). Both the X c and temperature calculations gave results which were too high for the diagenetic conditions indicated by t…
Honeycomb-shaped monolithic catalysts offer an attractive solution to the long-standing problem of balancing the reactor pressure drop with mass transfer in fixed-bed reactors. This approach is discussed in detail in this paper based on experimental and modeling data for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene.…
One transistor ferroelectric nonvolatile memory with gate stack of Pt/Pb5Ge3O/sub 11//lr/poly-Si/SiO2/Si was successfully fabricated. This device features a saturated memory window of 3 V at a programming voltage of higher than 3 V from C-V and I-V measurements. The memory window decays rapidly within 10 seconds after…
The fabrication of planar waveguides by a constant-current thermal poling procedure in multicomponent glasses rich in alkali or alkaline earth ions is described. Near the anode, the dc electric field applied to the substrate separates the mobile cations into regions according to their mobility. Each region presents a…
Abstract The adsorption and immobilization of tris(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) ([Ru(bpy)3]2+) in mesoporous silicas (C18-FSM) modified by the introduction of aluminum as well as sulfonic acid groups were investigated. The complex was immobilized by the cooperative effects of electrostatic interactions between [Ru(bp…
Infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry (IRSE), reflection absorption IR spectroscopy (RAIRS), IR transmission spectroscopy, and best-fit calculations are applied in a cooperative study to determine the anisotropic optical properties of a thin polyimide layer in the spectral range 4000–500 cm −1 . The employed anisotropic…
The first-order transformation of the supercooled liquid into the glacial state of triphenyl phosphite was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) using two different thermal procedures. In the first procedure the transformation was analyzed by heating run DSC experiments. The glaciation process was in…
Space charge is believed to play an important role in ac electrical ageing of polymeric insulation, particularly where electrical treeing is the dominant cause of premature failure. The majority of work to date has been on the space charge characteristics under dc electric stresses, whereas work on the dynamics and th…
Abstract. In organic agriculture, where K may be a limited resource, reliable tools are important in the assessment of K availability in the soil in order to avoid K deficiency. We investigated the effect of four organic farming systems on the exchangeable K in the plough layer of a six‐course crop rotation from 1994…
Yeast NAD(+)-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is an octamer containing two types of homologous subunits. Ligand-binding analyses were conducted to examine effects of residue changes in putative catalytic and regulatory isocitrate-binding sites respectively contained in IDH2 and IDH1 subunits. Replacement of hom…
The surface morphology evolution of thin poly(styrene- block -ethylene/butylenes- block -styrene) (SEBS) triblock copolymer films as a function of the copolymer concentration was investigated by means of dynamic mode atomic force microscopy. At a relatively low copolymer concentration (0.025% w/v), the periodically or…
The role of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a compatibilizer of polyimide/silica hybrid composites was investigated. Introduction of PDMS into a polyimide matrix retards the phase separation of hybrid composites and also prevents the formation of high-molecular-weight silicate. PDMS interacts with silica because of the…
The folate derivative 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (folinic acid; 5-CHO-THF) was discovered over 40 years ago, but its role in metabolism remains poorly understood. Only one enzyme is known that utilizes 5-CHO-THF as a substrate: 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (MTHFS). A BLAST search of the yeast genome using th…
The mechanisms controlling normal and exaggerated grain growth in lead magnesium niobate–lead titanate (PMN–PT) ceramics have been investigated by varying the PbO‐based liquid‐phase volume fraction from 0.03 to 0.6 and sintering temperature from 900° to 1100°C. There is a transition in matrix grain growth rate and mat…
Galactose mutarotase plays a key role in normal galactose metabolism by catalyzing the interconversion of beta-D-galactose and alpha-D-galactose. Here we describe the three-dimensional architecture of galactose mutarotase from Lactococcus lactis determined to 1.9-A resolution. Each subunit of the dimeric enzyme displa…
The enhanced transmittance matrix approach developed by Moharam et al. [J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 12, 1077 (1995)] is reformulated in a concise and illuminating form in terms of scattering (reflection and transmission) matrices directly. Two equivalent recursive formulations, corresponding to their full- and partial-solution…
Boiling water reactor (BWR) fuel at 56 to 61 GWd/tonne U was pulse irradiated in the Nuclear Safety Research Reactor (NSRR) to investigate fuel behavior under cold startup reactivity-initiated accident conditions. Current Japanese 8 × 8 type Step II BWR fuel from Fukushima Daini Unit 2 was refabricated to short segmen…
Hyperbranched polymers generated from the polymerization of AB 2 -type monomers and trifunctional cores with various reactivities were examined by means of the kinetic theory. The average molecular weight, polydispersity, degree of branching, and structural units of the hyperbranched polymers, which all changed with t…
The nature of oxide phases at metal–oxide interfaces, i.e. of oxide layers in the proximity of a metal surface, is assessed by critically examining the available data in the literature. The data reveal a trend towards the formation of reduced oxide phases with lower oxidation states in the vicinity of the interface wi…
Single-crystal X-ray structure determinations of the complex between the minor-groove binder distamycin and d(GGCCAATTGG) reveal two 1 : 1 binding modes which differ in the orientation of the drug molecule in the minor groove. The two crystals were grown from different crystallization conditions and found to diffract…