Materials Literature
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Abstract The applicability of poly(DL‐lactide‐co‐ϵ‐caprolactone) copolymers P(DL‐LA/CL) for controlled‐release devices was evaluated. The copolymers of DL‐lactide and ϵ‐caprolactone were polymerized in bulk using Sn(II)octoate as the initiator. The release of three model compounds, theophylline, propranolol hydrochlor…
A considerable number of new crystalline compounds were prepared by reacting L-arginine (L-Arg) with a series of inorganic and organic acids. In addition to the usual arginine slats with composition L-Arg-HX, where HX represents various acids, an entirely new class of crystal with the composition L-Arg 2HX was discove…
Abstract Several blends, covering the entire range of compositions, of a metallocenic ethylene‐1‐octene copolymer (CEO) with a multiphasic block copolymer, propylene‐ b ‐(ethylene‐ co ‐propylene) (CPE) [composed of semicrystalline isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and amorphous ethylene‐ co ‐propylene segments], have been…
Abstract Copolymers of ethylene glycol with 4,4′‐bibenzoic acid and terephthalic acid are known to crystallize rapidly to surprisingly high levels of crystallinity. To understand this unusual behavior, the isothermal crystallization of poly(ethylene bibenzoate‐ co ‐terephthalate) in the molar ratio 55:45 (PETBB55) was…
We vitrify dilute lithium chloride (LiCl) aqueous solutions (2.0–10.0 mol % solute) at about 0.5 GPa using a needle-type pressure device developed for cooling a liquid material rapidly, and measure Raman spectra of the vitrified solution at 1 atm and 25 K. The OH stretching vibrational modes of the vitrified solution…
Nd 0.7 Eu 0.3 NiO 3 thin films are deposited by rf sputtering and subsequent oxygen pressure annealing on (100) oriented silicon substrate. We characterize the thermochromic properties of films by measuring electrical transition, infrared transmittance, and reflectance. The thermochromic effect at room temperature is…
The dielectric permittivity and loss spectra of the glassy state of 5-methyl-2-hexanol obtained by quenching it from the liquid state has been studied. In one experiment, the spectra were studied at different temperatures as the quenched sample was heated at 0.1 K/min from 105.3 to 160.5 K. In the second experiment, t…
Carbon nanotips with a high-aspect ratio were directly grown on Pt films. Carbon nanotips grew up to 5.4 μm length and 64 nm diameter under a −120 V bias. Compared to the hollow structure of carbon nanotubes, transmission electron microscopy images indicate its solid body, which is made of graphite. Carbon nanotips po…
Abnormal anti-Stokes Raman scattering (AASR) was unambiguously observed in carbon nanotubes (CNT's). In contrast to traditional Raman scattering theory, the absolute value of the Raman frequency of the anti-Stokes peak is not the same as that of the corresponding Stokes peak. It was demonstrated that AASR scattering o…
Abstract Tensile strength and morphology of blends of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) obtained by oscillating packing injection molding were investigated via Universal Testing Machine, DSC, and SAXS. Tensile strength is greatly enhanced from 24.5 MPa to more than 90 MPa for pure HDPE and for bl…
Abstract Comparative analysis was conducted to learn the grafting of itaconic acid (IA) and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto polypropylene (PP) in the course of reactive extrusion. Seven organic peroxides, which satisfactorily dissolve in PP, but do not dissolve in the monomer, were used to initiate free‐radical react…
Abstract The graft copolymerization was carried out by methyl methacrylate with starch in which azobisisobutyronitrile was used as an initiator. The grafting reactions were carried out within a 65–95°C temperature range, and the effect of the monomer, initiator concentrations, and the amount of starch on the graft yie…
Abstract Blending a crosslinked high‐density polyethylene (xHDPE) enhances melt strength and strain hardening behavior in elongational viscosity of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE) to a great degree. Gel fraction of xHDPE has a stronger effect on the strain hardening than sol fraction, although sol fraction also enhan…
Rapid eutectic growth in a highly undercooled liquid was accomplished by containerlessly processing Co–Mo eutectic alloy in a drop tube. The containerless state during free fall produces substantial undercoolings up to 391 K (0.24TE) in falling droplets before crystallization. The eutectic growth mechanism is found to…
The electronic structure of multiwalled carbon nanotubes aligned perpendicularly on a Si substrate was studied by means of photoelectron spectromicroscopy. The valence band and the C $1s$ spectra, measured systematically from spatially selected regions along the tube axes, were the fingerprint for lateral variations i…
Abstract A novel type of crosslinkable waterborne polyurethane ionomer was prepared by the acetone process. Two new types of sulfonated diols compatible with this process were synthesized from dimethyl 5‐sodium sulfo isophthalate using a one‐ or two‐stage method. Isocyanate‐terminated polyurethane oligomers were prepa…
Abstract Charpy drop‐weight‐impact and essential work of fracture (EWF) characteristics of maleic anhydride (MA)‐compatibilized styrene–ethylene butylene–styrene (SEBS)/polypropylene (PP) blends and their composites reinforced with short glass fibers (SGFs) were investigated. MA was grafted to either SEBS copolymer (S…
Synchrotron x-ray diffraction studies were performed on a synthetic layered silicate Fluorohectorite clay. Diffraction patterns along the stacking direction were obtained in surface reflection and bulk transmission geometries on bulk pressed samples under controlled temperature and relative humidity. One-dimensional s…
We introduce a method to investigate the domain stability issue based on piezoresponse microscopy. The switching and back-switching processes of sol–gel derived (Pb0.76Ca0.24)TiO3 thin films were investigated by comparing the local piezoelectric hysteresis loops in continuous mode and pulse mode. It was found that the…
Within the new phenomenological model of antiferroelectric liquid crystals, structures of the two phases, the Sm CFI2* and the Sm CFI1* that appear in the temperature range between the Sm C* and the Sm CA* phase, are found. The structure of the Sm CFI2* and the Sm CFI1* phases is consistent with extensive optical, ele…