Materials Literature
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Abstract. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) constitute a unique class of materials that undergo a reversible phase transformation allowing the material to display dramatic stress-induced and temperature-induced deformations which are recoverable. Nickel Titanium (NiTi) SMA has be synthesized with refined grain size by a mech…
AlCu solid-solution alloys were dealloyed by immersion in alkaline solution to produce a high surface density of copper nanoparticles, simulating the region around a cathodic intermetallic phase in an industrial AlCuMg alloy. The cathodic behavior of the copper-enriched surface in neutral chloride or sulfate solutions…
Certain isotropic and anisotropic media with negative permittivity and/or permeability parameters have been recently labeled as BW-media due to their capability of supporting backward waves. Various suggestions for constructing composite materials realizing such media (also called metamaterials) have also been recentl…
This paper describes model-based, active control of an aftertreatment system for a spark ignition engine equipped with a three-way catalyst (TWC) and pre- and post-TWC oxygen sensors. A controller is designed to manage the oxygen storage level in the TWC in order to maximize the simultaneous conversion efficiencies of…
Gd(III) complexes are under intense scrutiny as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). They act by enhancing tissutal proton relaxation rates. Much has already been done in order to get an in-depth understanding of the relationships between structure, dynamics, and contrastographic ability of these para…
Abstract Poly(hexano-6-lactone) (PCL*) fibers were enzymatically degraded by a hydrolase in vitro. The extent of degradation of PCL fibers was examined by weight loss, mechanical properties loss such as tensile strength and ultimate elongation decreases, and visual observations by scanning electron microscopy. The in…
iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vi TABLE OF CONTENTS ix LIST OF FIGURES xiii LIST OF TABLES xix CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND 8 Structure of Carbon Nanotubes 11 Methods of Nanotube Fabrication 17 Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes 22 Modulus 22 Strength 24 Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymers 28 Issues rel…
A fiber-optic thermometer is developed based on the temperature dependence of the afterglow phosphorescence intensity which is dominated by the thermal excitation of trapped carriers using long duration phosphor, The intensity of afterglow phosphorescence from the long phosphorescent sensor head increases greatly and…
The miscibility and phase behavior of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) blends with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)), poly(3-hydroxypropionate) (P(3HP)), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate- co -3-hydroxypropionate)s (P(3HB- co -3HP)s) have been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and high-resolution solid-state 1…
Silica surface was treated with various aliphatic chain length silane coupling agents and compounded in EPDM using an internal mixer, and their agglomerate sizes, viscosity, and extrudate swell were investigated. The treated silica compounds showed smaller agglomerate size, lower viscosity, and lower swell reduction c…
trans-Stilbene and several cyclic derivatives with hindered free rotation around the C(vinyl)–C(phenyl) single bond were studied by various spectroscopic techniques. Those derivatives which contain 6- or 7-membered aliphatic rings do not exhibit any measurable S1 → S0 fluorescence. The introduction of two methoxy grou…
Multi-walled carbon nanotube and boron-doped multi-walled carbon nanotube–polystyrene composites exhibit negative and positive temperature coefficients of resistivity respectively. When combined they exhibit non-linear current–voltage behaviour.
A family of Nyquist plots for 0.2 μm thick polypyrrole film was measured in a wide range of potentials in 0.25 M LiClO 4 /propylene carbonate (PC) solution. This film was galvanostatically deposited onto the surface of a Pt electrode, and the film was continuously cycled in 0.25 M LiClO 4 / PC solution until a stable…
Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) was applied to achieve grain refinement of Al–3 mass%Mg alloys containing 0.2 mass%Sc, 0.2 mass%Fe or 0.1 mass%Zr. The thermal stability of the fine-grained structures was examined by conducting static annealing experiments. The fine grain sizes produced by ECAP were essentially r…
The formation of long-chain branches (LCBs) during ethylene polymerization with a combination of catalysts was studied by Monte Carlo simulation. The model describes polymerization with a non-branching catalyst that produces linear macromonomers, and a branching catalyst that produces linear and branched macromonomers…
The development of a detailed thermodynamic model of a fuel cell is presented. This model predicts the performance of a gas turbine and fuel cell systems integrated together in hybrid power generation cycles. The achievement of this goal involved the independent modelling of each component (prereformer, internal refor…
The isothermal formation of concentric colour domains has been observed in a cholesteric mixture doped with 10 wt % of a photochromic nematic material. The host cholesteric mixture included the Merck materials BL131a and BL130, while the photochromic dopant was a mixture of 4-n-butyl-4′-n-alkoxyazobenzenes (BAAB). The…
A short review is given on physical properties of strontium titanate, SrTiO3. Improper ferroelastic phase transition, incipient ferroelectricity, and a Müller phase are discussed. Specific properties of thin films are also considered
Electrochromic materials exhibit variable and reversible optical properties under the action of voltage pulses. The interest in these materials has increased in the last few years due to their potential application in a wide variety of optical modulation devices. Tungsten oxide (WO3) is typical in such devices. In thi…
The voltage distribution in a zinc oxide (ZnO) surge arrester under normal operating conditions has been observed to be non-uniform. The discs at the top are subjected to a higher voltage and hence thermal stresses, leading to a faster thermal ageing of these highly stressed discs. Therefore, efforts are generally mad…