Materials Literature
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While intensively investigated as a solar light absorber in photovoltaic applications, the use of α-chalcocite (α-Cu 2 S) as such has been hindered by its conversion to a copper-deficient, nonstoichiometric phase, djurleite. Here we study this transformation in copper sulfide nanoparticles. We discuss the relative sta…
We report a high resolution neutron diffraction investigation of the coupling of structural and magnetic transitions in Ba${}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}$K${}_{x}$Fe${}_{2}$As${}_{2}$. The tetragonal-orthorhombic and antiferromagnetic transitions are suppressed with potassium doping, falling to zero at $x\ensuremath{\lesssim}0…
The chemical functionalization of hydrogen-terminated silicon(111) surfaces with photochromic diarylethene using an ethylene anchoring group was achieved. Conductive atomic force microscopy measurements showed the current changes on modified silicon electrodes caused by light-induced isomerization of the diarylethene…
A method for the homogenization of 3-D periodic elastic composites is presented. It allows for the evaluation of the averaged overall frequency dependent dynamic material constitutive tensors relating the averaged dynamic field variable tensors of velocity, strain, stress, and linear momentum. The formulation is based…
A new class of spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) is discussed, in which writing is achieved using thermally initiated magnonic current pulses as an alternative to conventional electric current pulses. The magnonic pulses are used to destabilize the magnetic free layer from its initial direc…
We investigate the unusual temperature dependence of the anomalous Hall effect in Ni. By varying the thickness of the MBE-grown Ni films, the longitudinal resistivity is uniquely tuned without resorting to doping impurities; consequently, the intrinsic and extrinsic contributions are cleanly separated out. In stark co…
Heterogeneous nucleation of a new bulk phase on a flat substrate can be associated with the surface phase transition called wetting transition. When this bulk heterogeneous nucleation occurs on a completely-wettable flat substrate with a zero contact angle, the classical nucleation theory predicts that the free energy…
The production, observation and manipulation of very small objects is a tour de force, but these objects, which could infiltrate anywhere without being seen, may arouse suspicion. To assess the situation at best, we describe the activity of a nanoscience research institution, some of the methods used there, the spirit…
A distinguishing feature of Dirac fermions is the Berry phase of $π$ associated with their cyclotron motions. Since this Berry phase can be experimentally assessed by analyzing the Landau-level fan diagram of the Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations, such an analysis is widely employed in recent transport studies of t…
A new experimental setup has been developed for edge localized mode (ELM) simulation experiments with relevant steady-state plasma conditions and transient heat/particle source. The setup is based on the Pilot-PSI linear plasma device and allows the superimposition of a transient heat/particle pulse to the steady-stat…
We study the electronic structure of a spherical jellium in the presence of a central Gaussian impurity. We test how well the resulting inhomogeneity effects beyond spherical jellium are reproduced by several approximations of density functional theory (DFT). Four rungs of Perdew's ladder of DFT functionals, namely lo…
Metamaterial dispersion engineering is presented as a general concept for engineering the phase versus frequency response of microwave materials and devices. Two categories of metamaterials are considered, composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line and multiscale ferromagnetic nanowire (FMNW) metamaterials.…
Four octamolybdate hybrid materials based on a new flexible multidentate ligand, namely, H 4 L (γ-Mo 8 O 26 )·2H 2 O ( 1 ), [Cu(H 2 L )(β-Mo 8 O 26 )(H 2 O) 2 ]·3H 2 O ( 2 ), [Cu(H 2 L )(γ-Mo 8 O 26 )]·3H 2 O ( 3 ), and Cu(H L ) 2 (β-Mo 8 O 26 ) ( 4 ), where L is 1,1′-(1,4-butanediyl)bis[2-(4-pyridyl)benzimidazole], h…
The magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in TbMnO${}_{3}$ single crystals was investigated by isothermal magnetization curves for the $\mathit{ab}$ plane at low temperatures. Large magnetic entropy change, $\ensuremath{\Delta}{S}_{M}$ $=$ \ensuremath{-}18.0 J/kg K, and the refrigerant capacity, RC $=$ 390.7 J/kg, are achieved…
Heavily F-doped SnO(2) nanocrystals were successfully prepared by a novel synthetic approach involving low-temperature oxidation of a Sn(2+)-containing fluoride complex KSnF(3) as the single-source precursor with H(2)O(2). The F-doped SnO(2) powder was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, TG-MS, BET surface area…
2D semiconductor quantum wells have been recognized as potential candidates for various quantum devices. In quantum wells, electrons and holes are spatially confined within a finite thickness and freely move in 2D space. Much effort has focused on shape control of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals(NCs), and synthes…
We show that in the new topological-insulator compound Bi_{1.5}Sb_{0.5}Te_{1.7}Se_{1.3} one can achieve a surfaced-dominated transport where the surface channel contributes up to 70% of the total conductance. Furthermore, it was found that in this material the transport properties sharply reflect the time dependence o…
Source oxidation of easily oxidizing elements such as Ca, Sr, Ba, and Ti in an oxidizing ambient leads to their flux instability and is one of the biggest problems in the multielemental oxide molecular beam epitaxy technique. Here, the authors report a new scheme that can completely eliminate the source oxidation prob…
By generalizing the traditional concept of heat dQ and work dW to also include their time-dependent irreversible components d_{i}Q and d_{i}W allows us to express them in terms of the instantaneous internal temperature T(t) and pressure P(t), whereas the conventional form uses the constant values T_{0} and P_{0} of th…
Recently reported results of the high strain rates, high temperature measurements of the yield stress of tungsten and tantalum have been analyzed. The highest temperature reached in the experiment, based on heating and stressing a thin wire by a fast, high current pulse, was 2520 K and 2720 K, for tantalum and tungste…