Materials Literature
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In this letter it is theoretically discussed the magnetocaloric effect under applied pressure and the barocaloric effect under applied magnetic field in compounds undergoing a first order magnetic phase transition. The theoretical findings of this letter point out that the magnetocaloric effect upon simultaneous varia…
Abstract A series of copolymers with various compositions were synthesized by one‐step and two‐step bulk ring‐opening polymerizations of L ‐lactide (LA) and ε ‐caprolactone (CL) using stannous octoate [Sn(Oct) 2 ] and 1‐hexanol as the initiating system. For the sequential two‐step polymerization, a poly( ε ‐caprolacto…
Soil can become extremely water repellent following forest fires or oil spillages, thus preventing penetration of water and increasing runoff and soil erosion. Here the authors show that evaporation of a droplet from the surface of a hydrophobic granular material can be an active process, lifting, self-coating, and se…
This work explores size-induced lattice modification and its relevance to photoluminescence properties of scheelite nanostructures. CaWO4 nanocrystals, a prototype scheelite compound, exhibited a lattice expansion and an increased symmetry of structural units with physical dimension reduction, which is in contradictio…
Bi Fe O 3 thin films free of secondary phases were obtained by the soft chemical solution on Pt(111)∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrates after annealing at 500°C for 2h. The film grown in the (100) direction presented a remanent polarization Pr of 31μC∕cm2 at room temperature. Electrical measurements using both quasistatic hysteres…
The authors report a two-terminal metal-oxide-semiconductor photodetector for which light is absorbed in a capping layer of silicon nanocrystals embedded in a mesoporous silica matrix on p-type silicon substrates. Operated at reverse bias, enhanced photoresponse from 300to700nm was observed. The highest optoelectronic…
The authors report a giant reversible piezoelectric strain of ∼4.2% achieved with single-crystalline PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 nanowires of ∼70nm in diameter, which is nearly 300% greater than the nominal values reported for ceramic perovskite single crystals. The giant strain arises from the reversible switching of ferroelastic…
A phase-field model was developed for studying the magnetoelectric coupling effect in epitaxial ferroelectric and magnetic nanocomposite thin films. The model can simultaneously take into account the ferroelectric and magnetic domain structures, the electrostrictive and magnetostrictive effects, substrate constraint,…
This letter describes the magnetoresistance (MR) behavior of the heat treated polyurethane composites reinforced with iron nanoparticles. The flexible nanocomposites were fabricated by the surface-initiated-polymerization method. The uniformly distributed nanoparticles within the polymer matrix, well characterized by…
Co-doped wurtzite ZnO [Zn(1−x)CoxO] thin films have been grown on Al2O3(0001) substrates by using oxygen plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy at the low growth temperature of 450°C. The epitaxial films of Co concentration at 0⩽x⩽0.12 are single crystalline, which were examined by reflection high energy electron diff…
The magnetocaloric effect of Fe76Cr8−xMoxCu1B15 (x=0,4) alloys is studied. Although the combined addition of Cr and Mo is more efficient in tuning the Curie temperature of the alloy, the Mo-free alloy presents a higher magnetocaloric response. The refrigerant capacity (RC) for the Mo-containing alloy is comparable to…
The authors report on the blue electroluminescence from CdSe∕ZnS core/shell nanocrystals prepared from ultrasmall, magic size CdSe clusters that have a diameter of less than 2nm. The light emitting device consists of an active layer of nanocrystals blended with 4,4′,N,N′- diphenylcarbazole and an evaporated electron t…
An analytical method is presented to estimate the effects of structural disorder on the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) between two materials. The current method is an extension of the diffuse mismatch model (DMM) where the interface is modeled as a virtual crystal of finite thickness with properties derived from t…
The authors propose a method for the off-axis directional beaming of optical field diffracted by a single subwavelength metal slit with dielectric surface gratings. In the proposed method, dielectric gratings are optimally designed to directionally couple the surface plasmon polariton modes induced by the metal slit i…
Supramolecular nanofibers are formed from aqueous solutions of a bola- amphihile, containing two carboxylic end groups and a central π–π-stacking moiety. The combined noncovalent interactions form the basis for the successful self-assembly of the fibers. The obtained fibers (see figure), with widths on the nanometer s…
Ni-doped ZnO nanocrystals have been synthesized by a wet chemical reaction. The nanocrystals have been investigated carefully by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and all the particles are found to be the known wurtzite ZnO. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectra results provide the evidence…
In the challenging search for tools that are able to modify surfaces on the nanometer scale, heavy ions with energies of several 10 MeV are becoming more and more attractive. In contrast to slow ions where nuclear stopping is important and the energy is dissipated into a large volume in the crystal, in the high energy…
Abstract A molecular triad consisting of a porphyrin linked to two photochromes, a fulgimide, and a dithienylethene, is synthesized and studied. When both photochromes are in their visible‐light‐absorbing forms, excitation of the fulgimide at 470 nm initiates a two‐step singlet energy‐transfer relay wherein excitation…
Sol–gel tunable red–green–blue (RGB) emission (see figure) is achieved through the functionalization of oligo(p-phenylenevinylene)s (OPVs) with polarizable functional groups, which produce molecular and supramolecular pathways and hence the modulation of the emission properties. The molecules reported are the first ex…
The superexchange intertacion in transition-metal oxides, proposed initially by Anderson in 1950, is treated using contemporary tight-binding theory and existing parameters. We find also a direct exchange for nearest-neighbor metal ions, larger by a factor of order five than the superexchange. This direct exchange ari…