Materials Literature
按标题、摘要、年份、主题和来源检索公开元数据。结果保留作者、摘要、分类与原始来源链接。
This paper deals with the investigations on the nucleation and growth of ZnO nanostructures in a catalyst free synthesis. The ZnO nanostructures have been formed by evaporation of Zn (99.99%) in O_2 and Ar atmosphere in single zone furnace under two temperature regions, region A (~1173-1073K) and region B (~873-773K).…
At interfaces of metal oxide and water, partially hydrated or "wet-electron" states represent the lowest energy pathway for electron transfer. We studied the photoinduced electron transfer at the H2O/TiO2(110) interface by means of time-resolved two-photon photoemission spectroscopy and electronic structure theory. At…
The dual path mechanism for methanol decomposition on well-defined low Miller index platinum single crystal planes, Pt(111), Pt(110), and Pt(100), was studied using a combination of chronoamperometry, fast scan cyclic voltammetry, and theoretical methods. The main focus was on the electrode potential range when the ad…
As a promising route for large-scale H2 production, the water-gas-shift reaction (WGS, CO + H(2)O-->CO(2) + H(2)) on ceria-supported Au catalysts is of enormous potential in efforts to move towards a hydrogen economy. Recent research suggests that this reaction is in fact catalyzed by Au cations instead of the convent…
Radical discoveries? Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) produce free radicals upon UV irradiation in aqueous solution. While CdS QDs generate superoxide and hydroxyl radicals, only the latter are produced from CdSe QDs. In contrast, CdSe/ZnS core/shell QDs, often applied in biolabeling applications, do not generate radi…
An intriguing problem in condensed matter physics is understanding the glass transition, in particular the dynamics in the equilibrium liquid close to vitrification. Recent advances have been made by using hydrostatic pressure as an experimental variable. These results are reviewed, with an emphasis in the insight pro…
Biomimetic research indicates that many phenomena regarding wettability in nature, such as the self-cleaning effect on a lotus leaf and cicada wing, the anisotropic dewetting behavior on a rice leaf, and striking superhydrophobic force provided by a water strider's leg, are all related to the unique micro- and nanostr…
The selection of thermal and photo stabilizers for poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) using conventional methods is a time-consuming process. The high-throughput screening method developed in this research demonstrates rapid and efficient ways to quantify the effectiveness of PVC stabilizers with respect to raw plastic mater…
Densification and microstructural evolution of transparent magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) were examined through systematic experiments that focus on the role of impurities in the starting powders. Up to 1 wt. % LiF was added to very fine spinel powder synthesized by a metal-exchange method.…
The use of 157 nm as the next lower wavelength for photolithography for the production of semiconductors has created a need for transparent and radiation-durable polymers for use in soft pellicles, the polymer films which protect the chip from particle deposition. The most promising materials for pellicles are fluorin…
Ein Netz aus Platinnanoröhren mit Durchmessern von etwa 15 nm und Wanddicken von 1 nm, die sich zu einer offenen, doppelt bikontinuierlichen Struktur verbinden (siehe hochaufgelösten Elektronenmikrograph), entsteht, wenn Platin auf ein nanoporöses Goldtemplat aufgebracht und dieses anschließend aufgelöst wird. Die Str…
Semicrystalline polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites were prepared by solution blending of a low molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with an organically modified montmorillonite, Cloisite 10A (C10A). The intercalation morphology was studied by temperature-dependent synchrotron wide-angle X-ray diffraction (…
The adsorption of Fe adatoms on MgO(001) surfaces was studied using the ab initio method based on the density-functional theory. On the MgO(001) surfaces, an ${F}_{s}$ oxygen-vacancy site is considered a preferential adsorption site for the formation of metal islands. For the Fe adsorption, calculations in this study…
The phase-correcting Fresnel zone plate provides lens-like focusing and imaging of electromagnetic waves by means of diffraction instead of refraction, often referred to as diffraction optics. The zone plate has seen extensive investigation and use at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies, and recently has been ap…
We present scanning photoluminescence (PL) microscopy of freely suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes grown by chemically assisted vapor deposition (CVD) across micron-sized open apertures. Scans of the PL emission versus excitation position show unusual "holes"having subwavelength spatial features associated with…
New materials with improved mechanical properties and high optical transmission in the full 3-5 micron MWIR region wavelength are required. Commercially available polycrystalline transparent Yttria, with >100 micron average grain size, does not perform satisfactorily in demanding applications because of its modest str…
Using 2 H NMR and high-precision dielectric spectroscopy, we identified in polybutadiene (PB) at low temperatures (20−100 K) a third relaxation process (γ-process) in addition to the α- and β-processes. PB samples with different molecular weights ( M w ) exhibit a strongly varying relaxation strength (Δε γ ) though no…
In this work, we use AFM measurements in conjunction with dialysis experiments to study the synthesis mechanism and physical state of dendrimer-stabilized platinum nanoparticles. For characterizing particle size distributions by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and AFM, sample preparation by drop evapo…
New military requirements have reinvigorated the need for transparent magnesium aluminate (MgAl<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) spinel. Surmet has developed a process that yields high quality transparent spinel at production scale. Several issues related to the extreme requirements of processing ultrafine spinel powders are…
Colloidal chemistry routes are exploited to assemble low-dimensional structures. The creation of hybrid assemblies of aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on silica microparticle assemblies (see images) opens up possibilities for controlling CNT growth using colloidal chemistry, and sheds light on factors that may hinder a…