Materials Literature
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Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB), a metal-free enzyme, was successfully employed as catalyst for ring-opening copolymerization of omega-pentadecalactone (PDL) with p-dioxanone (DO) under mild reaction conditions (<80 degrees C, atmospheric pressure). Poly(PDL-co-DO) with high molecular weight (Mw > 30 000) and a wid…
The extreme thermoacidophiles of the genus Sulfolobus are among the best-studied archaea but have lacked small, reliable plasmid vectors, which have proven extremely useful for manipulating and analyzing genes in other microorganisms. Here we report the successful construction of a series of Sulfolobus-Escherichia col…
Porous mullite (3Al 2 O 3 ·2SiO 2 ) ceramics with an open porosity up to 92.9% were fabricated by a gel freeze‐drying process. An alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) gel mixed with ultrafine silica (SiO 2 ) was frozen and sublimation of ice crystals was carried out by drying the frozen body under a low pressure. Porous mullite cerami…
Following our recent experimental work on electrical fatigue [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 177601 (2006)], a theory of a charge-injection fatigue model is developed, emphasizing the extremely high depolarization electric field generated near the electrodes by bound charges at the tip of needlelike domains during switching. In…
DC resistivity, dielectric, and magnetic properties of Mg‐ferrite ceramics (Mg 1− x Cu x Fe 1.98 O 4 , with x =0.10–0.30, and Mg 0.90− x Co x Cu 0.10 Fe 1.98 O 4 , with x =0.05–0.20) were investigated. A primary objective is to develop magneto‐dielectric materials with almost equal values of permeability and permittiv…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTShear-Induced Conformational Ordering in the Melt of Isotactic PolypropyleneHaining An, Baijin Zhao, Zhe Ma, Chunguang Shao, Xiao Wang, Yapeng Fang, Liangbin Li, and Zhongming LiView Author Information College of Polymer Science and…
A novel method for the preparation of a thin oxidic proton‐conducting electrolyte is presented. This kind of supported film was studied in detail as it is applicable for IT–SOFC, H 2 membranes, and advanced catalytic converters. Thin‐film (∼5 μm) proton‐conducting membranes with the nominal composition BaZr 0.85 Y 0.1…
The stacking fault energy (SFE) in binary and ternary alloys of Al with common alloying elements was studied using density functional theory. Among these alloying elements, Fe further increases the SFE and Ge reduces the SFE of Al. The alloying elements increase the SFE by increasing the directional inhomogeneity in t…
Graphene is the first example of truly two-dimensional crystals - it's just one layer of carbon atoms. It turns out to be a gapless semiconductor with unique electronic properties resulting from the fact that charge carriers in graphene demonstrate charge-conjugation symmetry between electrons and holes and possess an…
Polyurethane (PUR) plastic sheets were prepared by reacting polyols synthesized from canola oil with aromatic diphenylmethane diisocyanate. The properties of the material were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as well as tensile…
We present a theory and experiment demonstrating optical readout of charge and spin in a single InAs/GaAs self-assembled quantum dot. By applying a magnetic field we create the filling factor 2 quantum Hall singlet phase of the charged exciton. Increasing or decreasing the magnetic field leads to electronic spin-flip…
We implement and demonstrate a scheme that permits to drive electroluminescence with an extremely low turn-on voltage. The device behaves like compound semiconductors, in which the electroluminescence turn-on voltage is about the same as the open circuit voltage for the photovoltaic effect. However, the electrolumines…
Several chalcogenide alloys exhibit a pronounced contrast between the optical absorption in the metastable rocksalt and in the amorphous phase. This phenomenon is the basis for their application in optical data storage. Here we present ab initio calculations of the optical properties of GeTe and Ge1Sb2Te4 in the two p…
For investigation of electron transport on the nanoscale, a system possessing a simple to interpret electronic structure is composed of alkane chains bridging two electrodes via end groups; to date the majority of experiments and theoretical investigations on such structures have considered thiols bonding to gold elec…
We develop a nucleation-based model to explain the formation of the wurtzite (WZ) crystalline phase during the vapor-liquid-solid growth of free-standing nanowires of zinc-blende (ZB) semiconductors. We first show that, in nanowires, nucleation generally occurs at the outer edge of the solid/liquid interface (the trip…
Surface magnetic properties of perovskite manganites have been a recurrent topic during last years since they play a major role in the implementation of magnetoelectronic devices. Magneto-optical techniques, such as X-ray magnetic circular dichroism, turn out to be a very efficient tool to study surface magnetism due…
The use of micro-Raman spectroscopy, through chemical bond nano-scale probes, allows the changes in conformations (alpha helix -> beta sheet), chain orientation, disconnection of disulfide bonds (-20%) and the increase of intra and inter-chain distances during the strain to be distinguished. The combination of micro-R…
We present a computational LCHO-CI approach allowing for the simulation of exchange interactions in gated lateral quantum dot networks. The approach is based on single-particle states calculated using a linear combination of harmonic orbitals (LCHO) of each of the dots, and a configuration interaction (CI) approach to…
The interest of micro and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to analyze nanosized and nanostructured materials, chiefly semiconductors, oxides and pristine or functionalized carbon nanotubes, is reviewed at the light of the contributions to this special issue. Particular attention is paid to the fact that chemical reacti…
Protein-protein interactions can be altered by mutating one or more "hot spots," the subset of residues that account for most of the interface's binding free energy. The identification of hot spots requires a significant experimental effort, highlighting the practical value of hot spot predictions. We present two know…