Materials Literature
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We describe the design and synthesis of a ferroelectric liquid crystal composed of racemic molecules. The ferroelectric polarization results from spontaneous polar symmetry breaking in a fluid smectic. The ferroelectric phase is also chiral, resulting in the formation of a mixture of macroscopic domains of either hand…
Understanding the dynamic properties of charge carriers at the liquid−semiconductor interface is critical to many applications including photocatalysis, solar energy conversion and photoelectrochemistry. Dynamic properties of charge carriers, including trapping, recombination, and transfer, in a number of semiconducto…
Blocked HI (BHI) was synthesized by the reaction of HI (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate combined with isophorone diisocyanate) with ϵ-caprolactam (CPL). CPL was used as a blocking agent to improve storage stability of HI. From the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NM…
A novel transparent conducting spinel solid solution Cd 1+ x In 2 - 2 x Sn x O 4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.75 at 1175 °C) between cubic CdIn 2 O 4 and orthorhombic Cd 2 SnO 4 has been discovered. The extent of this solid solution is noteworthy given that bulk phase relations determined in air over the temperature range 800−1175 °C d…
A detailed mathematical model is developed to describe the dynamics of continuous soluble Ziegler-Natta ethylene polymerizations in reactor trains composed of series of both stirred tank and tubular reactors. The model comprises a detailed description of the reaction mechanism and the mass, energy, and momentum balanc…
The stability of thin film nanocomposites on silicon substrates, formed from mixtures of a symmetric diblock copolymer blended with layered silicate nanocomposites, was investigated using a combination of optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two cases examined are polystyrene…
We report herein a comprehensive study of (porphinato)iron [PFe]-catalyzed isobutane oxidation in which molecular oxygen is utilized as the sole oxidant; these catalytic reactions were carried out and monitored in both autoclave reactors and sapphire NMR tubes. In situ 19F and 13C NMR experiments, coupled with GC anal…
To study the freezing/melting behavior of a confined CH3OH, we performed x-ray diffraction measurements of CH3OH confined inside the cylindrical pores of seven kinds of regular mesoporous adsorbents (MCM-41 and SBA-15) with different pore radii (r=1.2, 2.1, 2.5, 3.9, 4.5, 5.3, and 7.0 nm) as a function of temperature.…
Using the cellular-automaton-based simulation technique, we study the processes of self-organization in the systems of comblike copolymers with strongly attracting groups located at the ends of side chains. It is found that at a certain critical association energy, dependent both on polymer volume fraction and on the…
Changes in elastic moduli of between 0.4 - 18% are common in ferromagnetic materials such as nickel and iron when their magnetization is changed. However, extremely large moduli changes of up to 160% are observed in the rare earth-iron compounds R - Fe<SUB>2</SUB>, which can be advantageously utilized in design of sma…
A large variety of applications exist which take advantage of the high dynamic strain and high energy coupling factor exhibited by 'giant' magnetostrictive materials. One such material is the rare earth-iron compound Terfenol-D (Tb<SUB>0.3</SUB>Dy<SUB>0.7</SUB>Fe<SUB>1.95</SUB>), which is being increasingly used in in…
The band edges of p-GaInP 2 are observed to migrate toward negative potentials during current flow under illumination in solutions with pH ranging from 1 to 14.5. The migration is not caused by a change in the pH of the semiconductor microenvironment but is a result of accumulation of photogenerated electrons at the p…
A generic phenomenological theory of the glass transition is developed in the framework of a quasilinear formulation of the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. Starting from one of the basic principles of this science in its approximate form given by de Donder’s equation, after a change of variables the temperat…
ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVCommunication to the...Communication to the EditorNEXTProton Transfer Polymerization in the Preparation of Hyperbranched Polyesters with Epoxide Chain-Ends and Internal Hydroxyl FunctionalitiesCaiguo Gong and Jean M. J. FréchetView Author Information Department of Chemistry, University…
Highly transparent (>80%) and conductive layers (10 -6 S/cm) were obtained by the pulsed plasma polymerization of thiophene. The influence of power, pressure, pulse time, duty cycle, and position in the reactor on the conductivity of the resulting plasma polymerized thiophene (PPT) layers was evaluated. In the used ra…
Electrically conducting networks based on polyaniline−camphorsulfonic acid (PANI-HCSA), blended with crystalline and amorphous polyamides (nylon 6 and Selar), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS), blended with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), were prepared fr…
Pulsed plasma polymerization of precursors containing long perfluoroalkyl chains can lead to the formation of structurally well-defined low surface energy films. Greater chemical selectivity and faster deposition rates are found for monomers containing carbon−carbon double bonds compared to their saturated analogues.…
The equilibrium melting temperatures and the induced γ → α crystal transformation in blends of random liquid crystalline copoly(oxybenzoate−ethylene terephthalate) at molar ratio 60/40 (P64) and polyamide 6 (PA6) under different thermal treatments were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle…
The self consistent effective medium approximation (SEMA) is used to study three-dimensional random conducting composites under the influence of a strong magnetic field {\bf B}, in the case where all constituents exhibit isotropic response. Asymptotic analysis is used to obtain almost closed form results for the stron…
Jarosite family compounds, KFe_3(OH)_6(SO_4)_2, (abbreviate Fe jarosite), and KCr_3(OH)_6(SO_4)_2, (Cr jarosite), are typical examples of the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice and have been investigated by means of magnetization and NMR experiments. The susceptibility of Cr jarosite deviates from Curie-…