Materials Literature
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Graphene has shown great application opportunities in future nanoelectronic devices due to its outstanding electronic properties. Moreover, its impressive optical properties have been attracting the interest of researchers, and, recently, the photovoltaic effects of a heterojunction structure embedded with few layer g…
The thermoluminescence (TL) method is used for the investigation of the energy spectrum of traps in KCl and NaI crystals in the temperature range 80-500 K. It is shown that the thermal activation energies of traps in KCl and NaI form one oscillatory series E=hwn with vibrational quantum energies of 0.121 eV in KCl and…
Zinc oxide (ZnO) is the most important material for the fabrication of modern varistors (variable resistors). It is known that the highly nonlinear current-voltage relationship of ZnO varistors is due to effects taking place at the grain boundaries. For an accurate investigation of the mechanism of this process, techn…
We present the theory and measurement of valley splitting in a quantum point contact (QPC) in a modulation doped Si/SiGe heterostructure. Our measurements are performed on a submicron Schottky-gated device. An effective mass theory is developed for a QPC formed in a quantum well, grown on a miscut substrate. Both theo…
Optical transmission spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry were used to extract the optical properties of an epitaxially grown quasi-tetragonal BiFeO3 thin film in the near infrared to near ultraviolet range. The absorption spectrum is overall blue shifted compared with that of rhombohedral BiFeO3, with an absor…
IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Plasmonic nanoparticles provide a new route to treat cancer owing to their ability to convert light into heat effectively for photothermal destruction. Combined with the targeting mechanisms possible with nanoscale materials, this technique has the potential to enable highly targeted therapies…
The electronic structure and hole-injection properties of ambient contaminated molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) surfaces are studied by ultraviolet and inverse photoemission spectroscopy, and current-voltage measurements. Contamination reduces the work function (WF), electron affinity (EA) and ionization energy by about 1 e…
We performed an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of BaFe2As2, which is the parent compound of the so-called 122 phase of the iron-pnictide high-temperature superconductors. We reveal the existence of a Dirac cone in the electronic structure of this material below the spin-density-wave temperature, which…
For nanoparticle-based technologies, efficient and rapid approaches that yield particles of high purity with a specific shape and size are critical to optimize the nanostructure-dependent optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, and not bias conclusions due to the existence of impurities. Notwithstanding the cont…
Crystallization processes in the pharmaceutical industry are usually designed to obtain crystals with controlled size, shape, purity, and polymorphic form. Knowledge of the process conditions required to fabricate crystals with controlled characteristics is critical during process development. In this work, continuous…
This paper reviews the progress that has been made in our understanding of the chemical strengthening of glass by ion exchange over its nearly five decades of history. Lessons learned are briefly discussed; more importantly, those which are yet to be learned are highlighted. It is recognized that, except for detailed…
ZBLAN (ZrF 4 -BaF 2 -LaF 3 -AlF 3 -NaF), considered as the most stable heavy metal fluoride glass and the excellent host for rare-earth ions, has been extensively used for efficient and compact ultraviolet, visible, and infrared fiber lasers due to its low intrinsic loss, wide transparency window, and small phonon ene…
We demonstrate, both theoretically and experimentally, that cation vacancy can be the origin of ferromagnetism in intrinsic dilute magnetic semiconductors. The vacancies can be controlled to tune the ferromagnetism. Using Li-doped ZnO as an example, we found that while Li itself is nonmagnetic, it generates holes in Z…
Here we show that gas-phase doping by means of NH3 plasma exposure is a highly flexible and manufacturable process for graphene electronics. The nitrogen-containing radicals can readily form covalent bonds with the carbon lattice and keep stable in the postannealing for damage restoration. The amount of charge transfe…
We report the deposition of films composed of overlapped and stacked platelets of graphene oxide (G-O) reduced by an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) process. The oxygen functional groups of G-O were significantly removed by the EPD process, and the as-deposited G-O film by EPD showed improved electrical conductivity…
Abstract A promising trend in the development of methods for studying the electronic structure of a substance is using the methods based on the application of X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In the present article, the change of the spin magnetic moment of the transition 3d metal atoms is studied in metal‐cont…
Abstract In this work, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) crystal surfaces were analyzed in order to study the behavior of protein attachment on fouling substrates. In this context, covalent and noncovalent immobilization of different proteins [bovine serum albumin (BSA), collagen] has been investigated. For the noncov…
Abstract Phosphors normally lose brightness upon bombardment with electron, ion or photon beams. A combination of techniques such as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy was used to show that the main reason for the degradation in luminesce…
Abstract It is impossible to directly measure the photoelectron spectrum of an atom using conventional XPS due to its low detection sensitivity. In this work, an indirect method has been developed to determine the binding energy (BE) of an atom. In this method, the BE of the atom can be obtained by extrapolation of th…
In situ uniform growth of ZnO nanowires was realized and monitored at real time by heating zinc film in an environmental scanning electron microscope. Better controllability and repeatability were obtained by using zinc film as source material compared to traditionally used zinc powder. Morphology of the as-grown ZnO…