Materials Literature
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In this work, we have studied the temperature dependence of a cholesteric liquid-crystal laser coupled to an optical fiber, with a view towards optical fiber sensor applications. To stabilize the laser emission, we developed a procedure to align the liquid crystal placed in the fiber. Unexpected oscillations in the la…
At liquid nitrogen temperature, the yield strength of nanocrystalline Ni and Co increases by as much as 50%–80% over the already-impressive (∼1GPa) room-temperature values. This unusual strength ratio as well as the remarkable magnitude of flow stress reached (as high as 2.5GPa) are unexpected for conventional close-p…
Zn 1 − x Fe x O thin films were grown on Al2O3(0001) substrates by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering. The alloys show wurtzite crystal structure up to x=0.24 with reduced c-axis lattice constant compared to that of pure ZnO. Fe 2p core-level photoemission measurements reveal the evidence for the coexistence of the…
The effect of the femtosecond and nanosecond UV laser irradiation (below the ablation threshold) on graphitelike hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been studied. Experiments were carried out with the compacted powder under high vacuum at room temperature using the excimer KrF laser (248nm). In the nanosecond operation…
The lattice parameters and crystallographic texture in La, Sr-doped soft lead zirconate titanate ceramics were examined using high-energy synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The preferred orientations in poled tetragonal and rhombohedral ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary, caused by ferroelectric domain switchin…
Using ab initio density functional total energy and molecular dynamics simulations, we study the effects of various forms of nitrogen post deposition anneal (PDA) on the electric properties of hafnia in the context of its application as a gate dielectric in field effect transistors (FET). We consider the atomic struct…
It has been proposed that a quantum computer can be constructed based on electron spins in quantum dots or based on a superconducting nanocircuit. During two-qubit operations, the fluctuation of the coupling parameters is a critical factor. One source of such fluctuation is the stirring of the background charges. We f…
In epitaxial (111) oriented Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$/Fe$_{50}$Mn$_{50}$ bilayers, we separate two distinct behaviors: unidirectional anisotropy (exchange bias) in thick Fe$_{50}$Mn$_{50}$, and enhanced coercivity in thin Fe$_{50}$Mn$_{50}$. By measuring the magnetization response to a rotating magnetic field, we quantitativ…
We calculate the effective dielectric function for a suspension of small metallic particles immersed in a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) host. For a random suspension of such particles in the dilute limit, we calculate the effective dielectric tensor exactly and show that the surface plasmon resonance of such particles…
A thorough investigation of the dielectric properties of Cu2Ta4O12, a material crystallizing in a pseudocubic, perovskite-derived structure is presented. We measured the dielectric constant and conductivity of single crystals in an exceptionally broad frequency range up to gigahertz frequencies and at temperatures fro…
We investigated the dielectric response of $\mathrm{Ca}{\mathrm{Cu}}_{3}{\mathrm{Ti}}_{4}{\mathrm{O}}_{12}$ (CCTO) thin films grown epitaxially on $\mathrm{La}\mathrm{Al}{\mathrm{O}}_{3}$ (001) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The dielectric response of the films was found to be strongly dominated by a power law…
Stress measurement by neutron or synchrotron x-ray diffraction is a nondestructive technique that provides insights into strain and/or stress fields deep within engineering components and structures. The technique is seeing increased use for the validation of finite element process models, however, present FE models p…
Two previously unreported PbTiO3-Bi(B′B″)O3 type solid solution systems possessing a high dielectric transition Curie temperature (TC) at their morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) were investigated. Both Bi(B′B″)O3 type compounds, Bi(Mg1∕2Ti1∕2)O3 and Bi(Mg1∕2Zr1∕2)O3, possess a low tolerance factor and display extensiv…
Experiments on spherical particles in a 3D Couette cell vibrated from below and sheared from above show a hysteretic freezing/melting transition. Under sufficient vibration a crystallized state is observed, which can be melted by sufficient shear. The critical line for this transition coincides with equal kinetic ener…
The out-of-plane current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of Bi2212 are studied in experimental environments of different heat transfer efficiency, allowing practical separation of intrinsic and extrinsic phenomena. {\it Intrinsic} (heating-free) response is Ohmic in the normal state of Bi2212, while its resistance, R=V/…
Negatively and positively charged excitons are identified in the spatially-resolved photoluminescence spectra of quantum wires. We demonstrate that charged excitons are weakly localized in disordered quantum wires. As a consequence, the enhancement of the "binding energy" of a charged exciton is caused, for a signific…
It is found that both of the band-edge and defect emission from aligned ZnO nanorods are strongly polarized, and the intensities vary with the polarization angle by the relation of a square cosine function. The intensity of the UV emission has its maximum along the c axis of a ZnO crystal. However, the intensity of th…
We report unambiguous evidence for superconductivity in a heavily boron-doped diamond thin film grown by microwave plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). An advantage of the MPCVD-deposited diamond is that it can contain boron at high concentration, especially in (111)-oriented films. Superconducting trans…
The growth of Cu2O crystals that are electrochemically deposited as micrometer-size crystals with systematically varying fractions of {100} and {111} faces is reported (the Figure depicts cubic crystals). The methodical and homogeneous shape evolution is achieved by tuning the degree of preferential adsorption of sodi…
Abstract Recent advances in the exploitation of localized surface plasmons (charge density oscillations confined to metallic nanoparticles and nanostructures) in nanoscale optics and photonics, as well as in the construction of sensors and biosensors, are reviewed here. In particular, subsequent to brief surveys of th…