Materials Literature
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Abstract The electrochemical performance of mesoporous carbon (C)/tin (Sn) anodes in Na‐ion and Li‐ion batteries is systematically investigated. The mesoporous C/Sn anodes in a Na‐ion battery shows similar cycling stability but lower capacity and poorer rate capability than that in a Li‐ion battery. The desodiation po…
Structural, microstructural, X-ray photoemission spectra (XPS) and magnetic properties of transition metal ion [5 mol% of Co (SC5) and Fe (SF5)]-doped SnO2 nanoparticles have been studied. The SC5 and SF5 nanoparticles were synthesized by a chemical route using polyvinyl alcohol as surfactant. The doped SnO2 crystalli…
Abstract A triptycene‐based cylindrical macrotricyclic molecule 1, which contains one tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) unit and four glycol chains, is reported. Both absorption and ESR spectroscopic studies clearly indicate that intermolecular electron transfer occurs from TTF in 1 to tetrachloroquinone in the presence of cer…
Aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) thin films with high conductivity, resistance to ion irradiation, high transparency in the visible range and moderate costs will be one of the most promising candidates for the present predominant transparent conducting materials. However, there are still some problems such as long p…
We demonstrate the controlled desorption of adventitious dopants on networks of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with 100 keV proton irradiation. Networks of sorted metallic, semiconducting SWNTs, and unsorted SWNTs were investigated. The removal of dopants was indicated by an increase in sheet resistances along…
Ge1-xSbxTey thin films, grown by metalorganic and hot-wire liquid injection chemical vapor deposition in different crystalline phases, are investigated to determine resistivity, carrier density, and carrier mobility in the 4.2–300 K temperature range. It is found that all these chalcogenides exhibit p-type conduction,…
We report a study of the surface temperature (T(s)) dependence of Cu(2)O formation on a Cu(110) surface induced by a hyperthermal O(2) molecular beam (HOMB), using x-ray photoemission spectroscopy in conjunction with synchrotron radiation. From the T(s) dependence of the O uptake curves, the direct dissociative adsorp…
Structural and magnetization reversal studies have been carried out on single crystal Co2FeSi thin films grown on MgO (001) substrates. The films are highly L21 ordered after annealing above 500 °C. Magnetization reversal has been investigated by measurements of the activation volumes (Vact) within the films. This vol…
Internationally, there are efforts to develop standardised toxicity testing and risk assessmentmethods for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). To this end, health risk assessments need tobe conducted on ENMs synthesised in South Africa. Country-specific risk characterisationrequires specific exposure assessments for thos…
An elastic–viscoplastic model has been developed for nanotwinned (nt) metals based on coupled intra-twin and twin-boundary-mediated (TBM) deformation mechanisms. The grain-size dependence of intra-twin plasticity was incorporated in the proposed model to determine the transitional twin thickness corresponding to the m…
Particle irradiation is an effective method for manipulating properties of individual carbon nanotubes (CNTs). This potential, however, remains unexplored for macroscopic assemblies of cross-linked CNTs. Here, we study structural and electrical properties of ultralow-density cross-linked CNT-based nanofoams exposed to…
Abstract A mathematical model based on first principles is developed to study the effect of heat and electrochemical phenomena on a tubul solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The model accounts fordiffusion, inherent impedance, transport (momentum, heat and mass transfer) processes, internal reforming/shifting reaction, elec…
The complex development of crystals found in the crystallization of SiO 2 – Al 2 O 3 – CaO – Na 2 O glass has been explained using Differential Thermal Analysis. The crystal growth process has been studied using isoconversional, invariant kinetic parameters, and master plots methods. The applied kinetic models have re…
Fused silica plates with boron-doped silicate multilayered thin films are thermally poled to create second-order optical nonlinearity for nonlinear optical applications. Measurement results from second harmonic microscopy show that the spatial distribution of the induced nonlinearity peaks at the interfaces between di…
We present a Raman fiber laser based on a chalcogenide glass microwire. The microwire is pumped in the C-band, and the resulting laser oscillates in the L-band. The power conversion efficiency of the device is ∼17%, and the laser threshold is 23.2 dBm (pulse energy = 4.65 pJ) in peak pump power. By extension, the devi…
The preparation of tetrakis((+)-hfbc) lanthanide(III) complexes with an encapsulated alkali metal and ammonium ions M[Ln((+)-hfbc)(4)] (hereafter abbreviated as M-Ln : (+)-hfbc, (+)-heptafluorobutyrylcamphorate; M, ammonium or benzyl ammonium ions as well as alkali metal ions) was reported and discussed. The electroni…
Resilin is a soft and elastic protein, which is found in many exoskeletal structures of arthropods. Proteins with similar chemical properties have been described for other invertebrates including monogenean fish parasites. However, for the latter taxon no clear microscopic evidence for a resilin-like protein has been…
A series of half-discoid [N2O2]-donor tetradentate alkoxy substituted salicylaldimine ligands, [N,N′-di- (4-n-alkoxysalicylidene)-4-Cl-l,2-diamino-benzene] (L; n = 12, 14, 16 and 18) have been prepared. The reaction of the ‘salphen’-type Schiff base ligand with Zn(OAc)2.4H2O afforded a series of mononuclear zinc(II) c…
In this work, two novel triphenylene−ammonium−ammonium−triphenylene diads were synthesised. The effect of the peripheral chain length around triphenylene and the length of the linker connecting triphenylene with an ammonium moiety on the liquid crystalline behaviour was studied. The molecular structures were verified…
Abstract Metal island films are a matter of research in different branches of applied physics and technology. One possible future application field is their use as a substantial part of optical interference coatings, forming metal-dielectric composite multilayer coatings. This tutorial provides background on optical s…