Materials Literature
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Abstract High performance interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) technology covers different kinds of important IPNs used in industrial coatings, aerospace, and adhesive application. The importance of sequential IPN, simultaneous IPN, thermoplastic IPN, latex IPN (LIPN), and gradient IPN is reviewed with their synthes…
Abstract A review of novel technologies for manufacturing composites involving liquid crystalline polymers (LCPs) is presented. In particular, this review provides a classification scheme of various types of LCPs, with a special emphasis paid to the history, key approaches, milestones in developments of thermotropic L…
Abstract Polymer matrix composites (PMCs) that exhibit high specific strength, high stiffness, and low coefficient of thermal expansion are widely used in spacecraft as structural materials and other components. The composites are therefore exposed to the harsh space environment which varies with the spacecraft's orbi…
Abstract The article is an update to the original review on this subject written by Lustiger (Lustiger 1992) in the first edition of the Encyclopedia of Composites that was published in 1992. The fundamentals of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) crystallization behavior are discussed and how the resulting morphology is infl…
Abstract This review presents the major achievements on the thermophysical and thermal expansion properties of composite systems. The thermal behavior of composite materials depends on several factors: components, shape, concentration, dispersion of fillers, interactions between particles and matrix, manufacturing pro…
The magnesium silicate system is an important geophysical analogue and neutron diffraction data from glasses formed in this system may also provide an initial framework for understanding the structure-dependent properties of related liquids that are important during planetary formation. Neutron diffraction data collec…
Abstract This article discusses the current developments and advances for the incorporation of a damage repair mechanism in composite materials. There are several approaches for imparting this functionality, but each approach can be described as belonging to one of two broad families, an active‐phase mechanism or an a…
High-energy accelerators are large projects funded by public money, developed over the years and constructed via major industrial contracts both in advanced technology and in more conventional domains such as civil engineering and infrastructure, for which they often constitute one-off markets. Assessing their cost, a…
La aleación biomédica CoCrMo se emplea en la elaboración de prótesis de sustituciones articulares totales o parciales de cadera y rodilla debido a su biocompatibilidad y a sus buenas propiedades mecánicas entre las que destacan su elevada resistencia a la corrosión y al desgaste. La superficie del biomaterial CoCrMo r…
Abstract This review addresses thermoforming of thermoplastic matrix composites (TPCs) reinforced with long or continuous fibers and of sandwich panels obtained using TPCs as skins. Thermoforming is a very versatile class of processes, applied to the production of parts of different thickness, ranging from < 1 mm for…
Abstract The article describes the experimental methods for quantifying the interface between polymeric matrix and fiber reinforcement. The theoretical basis and advantages and disadvantages of each technique are reviewed.
Abstract In this article, natural composites are defined as vegetal or lignocellulosic fiber‐reinforced polymer composites. Several surface modification methods appropriate for vegetal fibers are discussed in three broad categories: physical or chemical methods designed to improve water repellence, improve adhesion to…
Abstract This article introduces the concept of preforms and preforming. A preform is defined as an assembly of yarns or textiles, which is generally stabilized by introduction of additional material, yarns or a binder powder. We first provide a brief review of textile forms and processes and then introduce the variou…
Abstract Metal matrix composites in general consist of at least two chemically and physically dissimilar phases, which are distributed so as to provide properties not obtainable by either of the individual phases. In aluminum matrix composites, the matrix is mainly aluminum or aluminum alloy, in which some continuous…
Abstract Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as a thermoplastic polymer stands at the third rank after polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) among the most frequently used polymers in the world. This article reviews in brief the physical and mechanical properties of PVC and discusses the incorporation of other materials with…
Abstract This article discusses the importance of the use of Standards and Specifications, documents that specify methods, processes, test requirements, workmanship, parts, material, and design used repeatedly in the design, drafting, procurement, and manufacture of composite materials and products. In this article tw…
Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) are technical materials, made of a matrix reinforced by continuous fibers, considered for civil aircraft jet engine. Although the matrix and the interphase were extensively studied in past decades, reinforcement did not gain much attention however it pilots the ultimate failure of the c…
Abstract Graphene is a novel nanostructured material that can be conveniently used as filler for thermoplastic polymers or thermosetting resins, and the resulting nanocomposite material has unique mechanical and chemical/physical properties. Industrial production of graphene/polymer materials requires the availability…
The topic of this work is the dynamic modeling and observation of polyhedral, growing crystals.This is motivated by the fact that besides size, shape is an important product property for particulate materials in various industries.Due to the underlying anisotropic molecular crystal structure, growth proceeds at differ…
Abstract Biodegradable composites based on biodegradable polymeric matrices and natural reinforcements are reported in this article. Biodegradable polymers can be classified as biosynthetic, semibiosynthetic (produced from biomass or by microorganisms), or chemosynthetic depending on their manner of preparation. At pr…