Materials Literature
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Abstract Metal matrix composites in general consist of at least two chemically and physically dissimilar phases, which are distributed so as to provide properties not obtainable by either of the individual phases. In aluminum matrix composites, the matrix is mainly aluminum or aluminum alloy, in which some continuous…
Abstract Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) as a thermoplastic polymer stands at the third rank after polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) among the most frequently used polymers in the world. This article reviews in brief the physical and mechanical properties of PVC and discusses the incorporation of other materials with…
Abstract This article discusses the importance of the use of Standards and Specifications, documents that specify methods, processes, test requirements, workmanship, parts, material, and design used repeatedly in the design, drafting, procurement, and manufacture of composite materials and products. In this article tw…
Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC) are technical materials, made of a matrix reinforced by continuous fibers, considered for civil aircraft jet engine. Although the matrix and the interphase were extensively studied in past decades, reinforcement did not gain much attention however it pilots the ultimate failure of the c…
Abstract Graphene is a novel nanostructured material that can be conveniently used as filler for thermoplastic polymers or thermosetting resins, and the resulting nanocomposite material has unique mechanical and chemical/physical properties. Industrial production of graphene/polymer materials requires the availability…
The topic of this work is the dynamic modeling and observation of polyhedral, growing crystals.This is motivated by the fact that besides size, shape is an important product property for particulate materials in various industries.Due to the underlying anisotropic molecular crystal structure, growth proceeds at differ…
Abstract Biodegradable composites based on biodegradable polymeric matrices and natural reinforcements are reported in this article. Biodegradable polymers can be classified as biosynthetic, semibiosynthetic (produced from biomass or by microorganisms), or chemosynthetic depending on their manner of preparation. At pr…
Abstract The use of thermoplastic composites reinforced with natural fibers is a mature technology now with a considerable growth rate. The properties of all polymer/wood composites are determined by four factors: component properties, composition, structure, and interfacial interactions. Matrix stiffness determines t…
For a quantum walk on a graph, there exist many kinds of operators for the discrete-time evolution. We give a general relation between the characteristic polynomial of the evolution matrix of a quantum walk on edges and that of a kind of transition matrix of a classical random walk on vertices. Furthermore we determin…
Abstract Biocomposites from renewable resources have been attracting increasing attention over the last two decades, mainly for two major reasons: first, environmental concerns, and second, the realization that our petroleum resources are finite. Nowadays, biofiber‐reinforced composites are seen as potential materials…
Abstract Modern techniques of radiation synthesis, applied for the synthesis of materials, are reviewed, including ionizing radiation (α‐particles, β‐particles/electron beam, γ‐ and X‐rays, neutron and proton irradiation, and ion beams), as well as nonionizing laser ablation and UV irradiation. Formation and/or modifi…
Resistivity, Hall effect and magnetization have been investigated on the new superconductor Bi4O4S3. A weak insulating behavior has been induced in the normal state when the superconductivity is suppressed. Hall effect measurements illustrate clearly a multiband feature dominated by electron charge carriers, which is…
Abstract Typically, advanced materials such as composites make first inroads into areas where performance is at a premium, such as aerospace, defense, and sporting cars where cost is not the driving force. Slowly and steadily, as such materials become cost‐effective and as engineers gain confidence in their use, they…
Abstract The idea of codepositing various second‐phase particles in electrodeposited (ED) or electroless deposited (EL) metal or alloy matrix and thereby taking advantage of their desirable qualities, such as hardness, wear and abrasion resistance, and corrosion resistance, has led to the development of ED and EL comp…
Abstract Braiding is a textile preforming process that combines the features of a woven architecture and near‐net capability of filament winding. This section on braiding covers the basic concept of circular or maypole braiding, mandrel overbraiding for near‐net preforming. Recent developments in 2D braiding include r…
Abstract Fiber‐reinforced composites are used in many applications, particularly in replacing metals, because of their high specific strength and stiffness. Composite properties are not only a function of the fiber and the resin used but also the fiber/resin interfacial characteristics. In fact, some important propert…
Abstract The advent of composite materials and the knowledge acquired in the recent years in this area has increased the performance of the aeronautical industries' products. As the structural applications for fiber‐reinforced polymeric composites continue to increase, so too does the need for a thorough understanding…
Abstract The most pressing requirements in the present and future predictable scenarios for materials and technologies, concern energy saving, natural resources preservation, and minimization of environmental impact. Composite polymer materials can play a major role in energy saving in the transport sector which is of…
Abstract Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, and they are considered to be potential ideal fillers in polymers to produce low weight nanocomposites of high performance. This article reviews the thermal, rheological, mechanical, and electrical properties of CNT polymer…
Abstract The incorporation of nanoparticles in polymer matrices leads to improvements in several physical properties. As a result, nanocomposites have the potential to be used in various fields such as medical devices, automotive and aerospace applications, packaging, and building materials. This article attempts to d…