Materials Literature
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Protein folding is a fundamental process in biology, key to understanding many human diseases. Experimentally, proteins often appear to fold via simple two- or three-state mechanisms involving mainly native-state interactions, yet recent network models built from atomistic simulations of small proteins suggest the exi…
In biological fluids, nanoparticles are always surrounded by proteins. As the protein is adsorbed on the surface, the extent of adsorption and the effect on the protein conformation and stability are dependent on the chemical nature, shape, and size of the nanoparticle (NP). We have carried out a detailed investigatio…
Abstract We present a study of the forces during free-surface water entry of spheres of varying masses, diameters, and surface treatments. Previous studies have shown that the formation of a subsurface air cavity by a falling sphere is conditional upon impact speed and surface treatment. This study focuses on the forc…
While fast folding of small proteins has been relatively well characterized by experiments and theories, much less is known for slow folding of larger proteins, for which recent experiments suggested quite complex and rich folding behaviors. Here, we address how the energy landscape theory can be applied to these slow…
Aluminium (Al) is the third most abundant metallic element in soil but becomes available to plants only when the soil pH drops below 5.5. At those conditions, plants present several signals of Al toxicity. As reported by literature, major consequences of Al exposure are the decrease of plant production and the inhibit…
Pretty porous POMs: Ionothermal synthesis was applied to prepare porous POM-based open frameworks. The structural integrity remains unchanged until 300 °C; most importantly, the bulky tetrabutylammonium cations within their nanosized channels can be replaced by transition-metal ions through a cation-exchange process,…
Polycrystalline ZnO nanowires with grain sizes ranging from 20 to 100 nm were synthesized using a newly designed two-step process: (first step) synthesis of ZnSe nanowires by vapor transportation of a mixture of ZnSe powders; and (second step) thermal oxidation of the ZnSe nanowires at 650 °C. Compared to the single-c…
Palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NP's) are prepared by a simple one-step procedure when poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is used as a polymer stabilizer. High-quality Pd-NP-doped PVDF thin films are fabricated where the heat-controlled spin-coating technique is adopted. The effect of Pd-NP's on the crystal modifications an…
Water oxidation catalysts are essential components of light-driven water splitting systems, which could convert water to H(2) driven by solar radiation (H(2)O + hν → 1/2O(2) + H(2)). The oxidation of water (H(2)O → 1/2O(2) + 2H(+) + 2e(-)) provides protons and electrons for the production of dihydrogen (2H(+) + 2e(-)…
Electromicrobiology deals with the interactions between microorganisms and electronic devices and with the novel electrical properties of microorganisms. A diversity of microorganisms can donate electrons to, or accept electrons from, electrodes without the addition of artificial electron shuttles. However, the mechan…
Metal impurities, gold, chromium and titanium, have been deliberately introduced into graphene. The structural and topographic properties of doped graphene have then been studied by using conventional transmission electron and aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Analysis revealed that metal…
Here we present atomic scale studies into the nature of both the internal structure and external surfaces of catalytic Au nanoparticles using aberration corrected in-situ electron microscopy. The activity of catalytic nanoparticles is thought to be highly sensitive to the particles' structure, meaning typical local at…
Dilute (III, Mn)V ferromagnetic magnetic semiconductors have potential applications in spintronic devices as magnetic field sensors, spin transistors and reconfigurable logic devices. For such applications ferromagnetism at room temperature is a practical requirement. Previous work has shown that In 1−x Mn x Sb films…
The influence of angular effects on the upper critical field is studied by using generalized two-band Ginzburg–Landau (GL) theory. It is shown that such a model is in better agreement with known experimental data for the new superconductor LiFeAs. The deviation from single-band GL theory is maximum at temperatures clo…
STM imaging and cathodoluminescence spectroscopy are used to explore the morphology and optical properties of Eu2O3 nano-islands grown on MgO(001) thin films. The global emission properties are governed by intense photon peaks at around 600 nm, arising from forced-dipole transitions in the 4f-state manifold of Eu3+ io…
Availability of soil copper (Cu) to plants is dependent on the release into the soil solution of Cu from the solid phases. To ascertain the pattern of Cu release and the soil characteristics affecting it, the kinetics of Cu release by diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) from 14 calcareous soils of northern Iran…
High resolution scanning transmission electron microscope (HRSTEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy spectrum imaging (EELS SI) methods have been successfully applied to the analysis of planar antiphase boundaries in (Bi 0.85 Nd 0.15 )(Fe 0.9 Ti 0.1 )O 3 (BNFT) ceramics. Two distinct structures for these boundarie…
Ingenieurswese
Abstract The use of glancing angle deposition technique provides opportunities for the deposition of sculptured nanostructures of different shape. The optical properties of such nanostructures that are a function of the shape of these nanostructures may be investigated, using the discrete dipole approximation theory w…
Silica nanorattle with hollow and mesoporous structure has been proven to be an excellent drug carrier. However, how to control the drug release from silica nanorattle is still a challenge. In this study, we designed two methods, in-situ polymerization method and water in oil in water (W/O/W) double emulsion method, t…