Materials Literature
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Abstract A monomer of the AB‐type and a bifunctional comonomer of the AA‐type containing two 2‐oxazoline rings and a biphenyl structural unit were prepared from the corresponding carboxylic acids via their esterification and subsequent amidation with an aminoalcohol. The cyclization of an amide to 2‐oxazoline structur…
In this paper, the authors present an experimental study of roughness characteristics of electroless Ni-B coatings and optimization of the coating process parameters based on L27 Taguchi orthogonal design. Three coating process parameters are considered viz. bath temperature, reducing agent concentration, and nickel s…
Long-period ordered superstructures in an (Al,Ga)-rich (Al,Ga)Ti system composed of (Al,Ga) x Ti100- x (x = 50–65 at. %) were investigated by using melt-spun ribbons, focusing on the ordering process of the superstructural phases. Compositional regions in which h-(Al,Ga)2Ti (Ga2Zr-type), (Al,Ga)5Ti3 and (Al,Ga)3Ti2 wi…
Abstract The development of duplex microstructures consisting of very fine ferrite grains and spheroidized cementite particles during concurrent hot deformation has been investigated by hot torsion in a eutectoid steel. It is shown that the hot deformation of the undercooled austenite at temperatures close to Ar1 indu…
Abstract Review: [110 refs.]
Abstract Three azide complexes with the tridentate ligand 2, 6‐bis(benzimidazol‐2‐yl)pyridine (H2BBIP) were synthesized and their complicated supramolecular interactions were investigated with single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Interestingly, the complexes are assembled by bifurcated hydrogen bonding, double helical π–…
This article reexamines pin-on-disc and ring compression tests in order to understand which technical modifications and operating parameters have to be revised and controlled in order to obtain valid estimates of the coefficient of friction for metal cutting applications. The methodology draws from the development of…
Labisia pumila (LP), also known as Kacip Fatimah has been used by Malay women for generations for conditions related to menopausal symptoms. Though, there has been no scientific-based evidence for its efficacy as an estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), LP ’s use continues to be on the rise. This could be seen with incr…
The motions of liquid droplets impinging on a solid substrate have been studied experimentally in fundamental research on various types of industrial applications, including spray cooling. The oblique collision of a single water droplet with a hot Inconel 625 alloy surface has been investigated by means of a two-direc…
Muscle creatine kinase (MCK; EC2.7.3.2) is a 86 kDa homodimer that belongs to the family of guanidino kinases. MCK has been intensively studied for several decades, but it is still not known why it is a dimer because this quaternary structure does not translate into obvious structural or functional advantages over the…
Abstract The title sub‐microcubes are prepared in high yields by reaction of AgNO3 dissolved in aqueous NH3 with Na2HPO4 at room temperature.
First 50nm HP and 24nm iso line scanning stripe exposures with 1.4nm 1sigma stripe butting are shown of a proof-ofconcept electron multi-beam Mask Exposure Tool (eMET POC), operating the column with an Aperture Plate System (APS), providing 256k (k=1024) programmable beams of 20nm beam size and 50keV beam energy at su…
Industry roadmaps indicate that the introduction of Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography (EUVL) is on track for high volume manufacturing. Although, there has been significant progress in each of the individual subsets of the EUVL infrastructure, the absolute management of the process outside of the scanner and up to the p…
Electronic structures of neutral lead–silicon clusters of up to six atoms are determined by global optimization of the potential energy hyper surface using Metropolis Monte Carlo and genetic algorithm (GA) methods followed by a bond strength propensity model, and by local optimization using density functional theory a…
In this work, an in situ chemical reaction deposition technique using solid cadmium precursor films as reaction source and ammonium sulfide‐based solutions as anionic reaction medium was presented to deposit uniform, crack‐free, densely packed nano‐crystalline, hexagonal wurzite structure Cadmium sulfide ( CdS ) thin…
EUV blank inspection is the key technology for EUV mask fabrication. To assess blank inspection tools, it is important to obtain appropriate test blanks with properly characterized defect types. In this study, new programmed defect blank was fabricated with conventional programmed defect fabrication and several new me…
In order to realize pattern defect inspection for 1Xnm EUV mask, we are developing a novel projection electron microscopy (PEM) system; which enables us to make the inspection in high resolution and high speed as compared with conventional DUV and EB inspection systems. In this paper, we have cleared how progress is n…
© Cambridge University Press 2012. Introduction Carbon nanotubes, a member of the fullerene family, are constructed of sheets of hexagonal-shaped carbon atoms rolled up into cylinders. There are two types, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), depending on the number of grap…
In the present paper the magneto-optical Franz-Keldysh effect is predicted to occur in graphene. Explicit expressions for the energies of Landau-level excitations in a graphene monolayer in the presence of a high quantizing magnetic field and driven by an intense electromagnetic radiation are derived. The combination…
The new generations of photomasks are seen to bring more and more challenges to the mask manufacturer. Maskshops face two conflicting requirements, namely improving pattern fidelity and reducing or at least maintaining acceptable writing time. These requirements are getting more and more challenging since pattern size…