Materials Literature
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It is shown that by properly controlling vibrational and charging conditions, the transition from disordered to ordered, densest packing of particles can be obtained consistently. The method applies to both spherical and nonspherical particles. For spheres, face centered cubic packing with different orientations can b…
We present a systematic study of thermal conductivity, specific heat, electrical resistivity, thermopower and x-ray diffraction measurements performed on single-crystalline samples of the pseudoquaternary type-I clathrate system Sr8Ga16Si30-xGex, in the full range of 0 < x < 30. All the samples show metallic behavior…
Many significant fundamental concepts and practical applications have developed since the publication of the best-selling second edition of the Handbook of Conducting Polymers. Now divided into two books, the third edition continues to retain the excellent expertise of the editors and world-renowned contributors while…
Two-dimensional Dirac fermions are used to discuss quasiparticles in graphene in the presence of impurity scattering. Transport properties are completely dominated by diffusion. This may explain why recent experiments did not find weak localization in graphene. The diffusion coefficient of the quasiparticles decreases…
Carbon is a very versatile element that can crystallize in the forms of diamond or graphite. There are many noncrystalline carbons, known as amorphous carbons. An amorphous carbon with a high fraction of diamond-like (sp3) bonds is named diamond-like carbon (DLC). Unlike diamond, DLC can be deposited at room temperatu…
We study the effects of disorder in the electronic properties of graphene multilayers, with special focus on the bilayer and the infinite stack. At low energies and long wavelengths, the electronic self-energies and density of states exhibit behavior with divergences near half filling. As a consequence, the spectral f…
In femtosecond pump-probe measurements, the appearance of coherent phonon oscillations at 4.5 and 6.0 THz indicating the rutile metal phase of VO2 does not occur simultaneously with the first-order metal-insulator transition (MIT) near 68 degrees C. The monoclinic and correlated metal (MCM) phase between the MIT and t…
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are now well into their teenage years. Early on, theoretical predictions and experimental data showed that CNTs possess chemical and mechanical properties that exceed those of many other materials. This has triggered intense research into CNTs. A variety of production methods for CNTs have been…
Carbon is one of the most intriguing elements in the Periodic Table. It forms many allotropes, some known from ancient times (diamond and graphite) and some discovered 10-20 years ago (fullerenes and nanotubes). Interestingly, the two-dimensional form (graphene) was only obtained very recently, immediately attracting…
SrO films were grown on LaAlO3 substrates by molecular beam epitaxy and characterized using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The evolution of the RHEED pattern is discussed as a function of film thickness. 500Å thick SrO films were relaxed and exhibited RHEED patterns in…
FeS polycrystalline thin films were prepared on float glass at 500°C by radio-frequency reactive sputtering. The influence of vacuum annealing on the metal-semiconductor transition of FeS films was investigated. It has been found that with the increase of the annealing temperature from 360to600°C, the metal-semiconduc…
The authors characterize the detailed interface structure of Ni-catalyzed vertically aligned carbon nanofibers (CNFs) prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition for interconnect applications. Stacked graphitic layers and cup-shape structures of CNFs around the interface region have been observed using high-…
Configurations and diffusion of crystal defects are studied in a two-dimensional colloidal model system in the presence of an attraction. Monomer vacancies are immobile and have identical symmetry with the underlying triangular lattice. Both dimer vacancies and trimer vacancies have two different configurations and th…
Single-nanorod spectroscopy at low temperature is used to study the exciton states of individual CdSe∕ZnS core-shell nanorods. By analyzing the LO-phonon assisted recombination the authors may distinguish between charged and exchange-splitted excitons. Four different types of single-nanorod emission spectra are found…
The corrosion inhibition of some sulfated water soluble natural polymer (carrageenan) compounds on the corrosion of iron in 1M HCl was studied using weight loss and galvanostatic polarization measurements. The percentage inhibition efficiency was found to increase with increasing concentration of inhibitor and with de…
The authors report the effects of Cs doping on the field emission properties of a five-shell single carbon nanotube. The chiral indices of each shell of this carbon nanotube have been determined using nanobeam electron diffraction, which has four semiconducting shells and one metallic shell in the middle. From the Fow…
A study of crack patterns in laponite films of different thickness is presented. Two cracking regimes are observed. The earlier, with a higher rate of desiccation and shrinking, has predominantly 4-fold vertices in the crack network, while the later regime has less volume shrinking and forms mainly 3-fold vertices. Th…
Zn 1 − x Mg x O films were grown by radio-frequency reactive magnetron sputtering using mixture of nitrogen and argon as sputtering gases. It was found that Mg concentration, structures, electrical properties, and band gaps of the films can be tuned by changing nitrogen partial pressure ratio of the sputtering gases.…
The elastic deformation of nanometer-sized metal crystals is achieved by encapsulating them in carbon nanotubes or carbon onions. Electron irradiation of these core-shell particles leads to high pressure in their center due to a shrinkage of the graphitic shells. Pressures in the range of 10–30GPa are found by measuri…
X-ray diffraction studies of nanomolybdenum and nanonickel were conducted using a synchrotron source under nonhydrostatic compression up to pressures of 37 and 56GPa, respectively. No phase transitions were found up to the maximum pressure studied. Bulk modulus and its pressure derivative were calculated from the pres…