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Micrometer- and Nanometer-Sized Organic Single Crystalline Transistors

Microstructure and corrosion resistance of Ni-based alloy laser coatings with nanosize CeO2 addition

Micron-size Ni-base alloy (NBA) powders were mixed with both 1.5 wt.% (hereinafter %) micron-size CeO2 (m-CeO2) and also 1.5% and 3.0% nano-size CeO2 (n- CeO2) powders. These mixtures were coated on low-carbon steel (Q235) by 2.0 kW CO2 laser cladding. The effects on the microstructures, phases and electrochemical cor…

TOPICAL REVIEW: Electrochromic materials using mechanically interlocked molecules

Recent investigations on the design and synthesis of electrochromic materials based on switchable three-station [2]catenanes are summarized. The reasoning and preliminary experiments behind the design of electrochemically controllable red–green–blue (RGB), donor–acceptor [2]catenanes are presented. A basis for color g…

Layer-by-layer assembly of imogolite nanotubes and polyelectrolytes into core-shell particles and their conversion to hierarchically porous spheres

Core-shell particles were prepared by the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of imogolite (IMO) nanotubes and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) on polystyrene particles (diameter: 800 nm) coated preliminarily with poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA). PSS and imogolite were alternately adsorbed on the particle…

TOPICAL REVIEW: Corrosion resistance of Si–Al-bearing ultrafine-grained weathering steel

In the Ultra-steel project at the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), which run from 1996 to 2005, high-Si–Al-content ultrafine-grained (UFG) weathering steel was developed by grain refinement and weathering guidance. It was found that this steel has excellent strength, toughness and corrosion resistance.…

Preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces on cotton textiles

Superhydrophobic surfaces were fabricated by the complex coating of silica nanoparticles with functional groups onto cotton textiles to generate a dual-size surface roughness, followed by hydrophobization with stearic acid, 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane or their combination. The wettability and morpholo…

Structure and superconductivity of isotope-enriched boron-doped diamond

Superconducting boron-doped diamond samples were synthesized with isotopes of 10B, 11B, 13C and 12C. We claim the presence of a carbon isotope effect on the superconducting transition temperature, which supports the 'diamond-carbon'-related nature of superconductivity and the importance of the electron–phonon interact…

Magnetic susceptibility measurement of single iron/cobalt carbonyl microcrystal by atmospheric magnetophoresis

In this study, the use of an innovative atmospheric magnetophoresis, which enables us to measure the mass magnetic susceptibility and mass of a microparticle simultaneously, was demonstrated. Using this technique, we determined the magnetic susceptibility of a crystalline deposit of iron/cobalt carbonyl, mainly compos…

Microwave-assisted synthesis of WS2 nanowires through tetrathiotungstate precursors

Tungsten disulfide (WS2) nanowires have been synthesized through a microwave-assisted chemical route that uses tungstic acid, elemental sulfur and monoethanolamine as starting reagents for obtaining a precursor solution of tetrathiotungstate ions. Acidification of the precursor solution yields amorphous precipitates,…

Structural studies of copper sulfide films: effect of ambient atmosphere

We examined the structural properties of copper sulfide films as a function of the sulfurization time of 70-nm-thick Cu films. Copper sulfide films with various phases such as mixed metallic Cu-chalcocite, chalcocite, roxbyite, and covellite phases were formed with increasing sulfurization time. To evaluate the struct…

TOPICAL REVIEW Warm spraying—a novel coating process based on high-velocity impact of solid particles

In recent years, coating processes based on the impact of high-velocity solid particles such as cold spraying and aerosol deposition have been developed and attracting much industrial attention. A novel coating process called 'warm spraying' has been developed, in which coatings are formed by the high-velocity impact…

Shape recovery and irrecoverable strain control in polyurethane shape-memory polymer

In shape-memory polymers, large strain can be fixed at a low temperature and thereafter recovered at a high temperature. If the shape-memory polymer is held at a high temperature for a long time, the irrecoverable strain can attain a new intermediate shape between the shape under the maximum stress and the primary sha…

Fine structure characterization of zero-valent iron nanoparticles for decontamination of nitrites and nitrates in wastewater and groundwater

The main objectives of the present study were to investigate the chemical reduction of nitrate or nitrite species by zero-valent iron nanoparticle (ZVIN) in aqueous solution and related reaction kinetics or mechanisms using fine structure characterization. This work also exemplifies the utilization of field emission-s…

Preparation and characterization of self-cleaning stable superhydrophobic linear low-density polyethylene

Porous superhydrophobic linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) surface was prepared by a simple method. Its water contact angle and sliding angle were 153±2° and 10°, respectively. After contamination, 99% of the contaminant particles were removed from the superhydrophobic LLDPE surface using artificial rain. The sup…

Linear Rashba Model of a Hydrogenic Donor Impurity in GaAs/GaAlAs Quantum Wells

Abstract The Rashba spin-orbit splitting of a hydrogenic donor impurity in GaAs/GaAlAs quantum wells is investigated theoretically in the framework of effective-mass envelope function theory. The Rashba effect near the interface between GaAs and GaAlAs is assumed to be a linear relation with the distance from the quan…

Multifunctional Magnetic-fluorescent Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications

AbstractNanotechnology is a fast-growing area, involving the fabrication and use of nano-sized materials and devices. Various nanocomposite materials play a number of important roles in modern science and technology. Magnetic and fluorescent inorganic nanoparticles are of particular importance due to their broad range…

Synthesis and Tribological Properties of WSe2Nanorods

Abstract The WSe2nanorods were synthesized via solid-state reaction method and characterized by X-ray diffractometer, TEM, and HRTEM. The results indicated the WSe2compounds had rod-like structures with diameters of 10–50 nm and lengths of 100–400 nm, and the growth process of WSe2nanorods was discussed on the basis o…

Tube Formation in Nanoscale Materials

Abstract The formation of tubular nanostructures normally requires layered, anisotropic, or pseudo-layered crystal structures, while inorganic compounds typically do not possess such structures, inorganic nanotubes thus have been a hot topic in the past decade. In this article, we review recent research activities on…

Synthesis of Porous NiO and ZnO Submicro- and Nanofibers from Electrospun Polymer Fiber Templates

Abstract Porous nickel oxide (NiO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) submicro- and nanofibers were synthesized by impregnating electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber templates with corresponding metal nitrate aqueous solutions and subsequent calcination. The diameter of the NiO and ZnO fibers was closely related to that of the…

Ionic Liquid-assisted Synthesis of Polyaniline/Gold Nanocomposite and Its Biocatalytic Application

Abstract In this report, a novel chemical synthesis of polyaniline/gold nanocomposite is explored using ionic liquid (IL) 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. The direct chemical synthesis of polyaniline/gold nanocomposite was initiated via the spontaneous oxidation of aniline by AuCl4 −in IL. A nearly uni…