Materials Literature
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Abstract A family of N ‐representability conditions are imposed on the third‐ and fourth‐order reduced density matrix elements in order to ascertain that they are within bounds. These bounds are needed in the construction of high‐order reduced density matrices as well as in the correction of the matrices which result…
This work has investigated the effects of the etching method of a Ti substrate for a catalytic oxide electrode on the electrochemical characteristics of the electrode. The HCl etching develops a finer and more homogeneous roughness on the Ti substrate than an oxalic acid etching. The etching results affect the physica…
Structural changes that occur during thermally induced and strain induced crystallization of polyamide 66 fibers were studied by infrared spectroscopy, density measurement and optical microscopy. Two bands at 924 and 1136 cm−1 were shown to arise from the amorphous phase and assignment of the bands at 936 and 1200 cm−…
A kinetic study of methane combustion over La0.7Ce0.3FeO3, La0.7Sr0.3FeO3 and La0.7Sr0.1Ce0.2FeO3 mixed oxide solids has been carried out. From kinetic analyses of reaction rate, the combustion can be expressed by the Rideal–Eley mechanism, in which adsorbed oxygen, in dissociative form, is assumed to react with gaseo…
A variety of strontium-doped lanthanide chromite compositions were synthesized from a mixed lanthanide (Ln) precursor predominantly consisting of La, Nd, Ce, and Pr. Samples were initially analyzed to assess their sintering characteristics. The most promising sintering behavior was observed for samples of the general…
There are two eutectic reactions in the Al2O3-rich portion of the Al2O3–Y2O3 pseudo-binary system; one is the Al2O3-YAG (yttrium-aluminum-garnet) equilibrium eutectic reaction, the other is the Al2O3-YAP (yttrium-aluminum-perovskite) metastable reaction. The selection of eutectic systems was examined, in terms of maxi…
Fatigue properties of a bearing steel (SUJ 2) including long life region were experimentally examined under axial loading and discussed from viewpoints of fractography and fracture mechanics. Thus, the complicated S-N property in the wide life region was well explained as the duplex S-N characteristics superimposed tw…
The mechanical properties of compacts of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and silicified microcrystalline cellulose (SMCC) were evaluated by tensile testing, diametric compression testing, and compression testing. For tensile and compression testing, cubic specimens were carefully machined from MCC and SMCC compacts,…
An experimental setup is described which allows simultaneous in situ measurements with the Kelvin probe and infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). Variations in the Volta potential were measured during corrosion of zinc surfaces in humid air, and information about the composition and the growth kinetics o…
In the mesoscale, mixing dynamics involving immiscible fluids is truly an outstanding problem in many fields, ranging from biology to geology, because of the multiscale nature which causes severe difficulties for conventional methods using partial differential equations. The existing macroscopic models incorporating t…
Microbial degraders of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) were isolated from soil. Arthrobacter sp. strain W6 used not only PHB as a carbon source, but also PHAs such as poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[5%]3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[14%]3-hydroxyvalerate), and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-[22%]3-hydroxyvalerate)…
SUMMARIES It is suggested that the depolymerization of oxidized cellulose (e.g. paper) caused by alkalinity can be exploited to evaluate its degree of oxidation. A rough estimate can be obtained with just one sample measured before and after heating in the alkaline solvent for viscosity itself; a more accurate evaluat…
Dodecahydro-3a,9a-diazaperylene (DHDAP) was prepared in one step from p-phenylenediamine and 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, and its first redox potential is 292 mV more negative than the first redox potential of N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD), thus becoming the most easily oxidized p-phenylenediamine homolo…
The fully alicyclic polyimides were prepared by a 2-step polycondensation of 2, 5(6)-bis(aminomethyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane with cycloaliphatic dianhydrides such as bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2, 3, 5, 6-tetracarboxylic dianhydride. These polyimides possessed a 5% weight-loss temperature range of 422-459°C in N2, and 411- 41…
A description is given of a new method for examining the repassivation and pitting characteristics of freshly bared metal surfaces in situ . The method consists of guillotining a potentiostatically controlled electrode surface while it is under impact from a driven electrolyte jet. Because the fluid jet is of known an…
Polymeric surfactants are usually prepared via copolymerisation of suitably substituted monomers. In this study, polymer surfactants were made by modifying a highly functionalized polymer chain back bone: a copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride, SMA (34wt.-% MA), was turned into anionic, cationic and nonionic surf…
Highly disordered graphitic carbon layers were formed on various types of commercially available silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics by reaction with chlorine and chlorine-hydrogen gas mixtures at 1000°C. The carbon was produced ranging from only a few micrometers to hundreds of micrometers thick. When a platinum sample ho…
A copolymer of glycidyl methacrylate and styrene (PGS) was synthesized by emulsion polymerization. The effect of the polymer on paper dry- and wet-strength improvement was investigated. The polymer contains phenyl groups that provide hydrophobic character to fibers so as to improve paper wet performance, and glycidyl…
A DNA fragment that carried the gene (proA) encoding 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxoglutarate aldolase was cloned from the chromosomal DNA of Pseudomonas ochraceae NGJ1, and the coding region was assigned to the nucleotide sequence based on the N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme purified from the organism. The proA…
A full Cu damascene metallization process was successfully developed for simultaneous formation of sub-0.18 /spl mu/m RF CMOS passive components including circular spiral inductor and MIM capacitor. High quality factor inductor with Q=18 at 1.2 nH was achieved by applying highly uniform Cu CMP process on polishing mic…